Consumer_Chemistry_(H)_tcm4-640665 (1) - NATIONAL...

NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS CURRICULUM SUPPORT
Chemistry
Consumer Chemistry
Predicting Physical Properties of
Molecules from Functional Groups
[HIGHER]

The Scottish Qualifications Authority regularly reviews
the arrangements for National Qualifications. Users of
all NQ support materials, whether published by
Learning and Teaching Scotland or others, are reminded
that it is their responsibility to check that the support
materials correspond to the requirements of the current
arrangements.
Acknowledgement
Learning and Teaching Scotland gratefully acknowledges this contribution to the National
Qualifications support programme for Chemistry.
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010
This resource may be reproduced in whole or in part for educational purposes by educational
establishments in Scotland provided that no profit accrues at any stage.
2 CONSUMER CHEMISTRY (H, CHEMISTRY)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010

Contents
Introduction 4
Questions 5
Answers 19
CONSUMER CHEMISTRY (H, CHEMISTRY) 3
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010

INTRODUCTION
Introduction
This resource supports the Consumer Chemistry unit of the revised Higher
Chemistry. The resource has the following purposes:
1. to allow students to become familiar with identifying functional groups
within everyday molecules, some of which have complex structures
2. to enable students to relate intermolecular forces to the functional
groups present
3. to enable students to explain the physical properties of molecules based
on the functional groups present.
4 CONSUMER CHEMISTRY (H, CHEMISTRY)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010

QUESTIONS
Questions
Question 1
Benzaldehyde is an aromatic compound with an almond-like smell, which is
used in flavourings and perfumes.
Circle and name the functional group on the benzaldehyde molecule below.
C
H
O
Benzaldehyde
CONSUMER CHEMISTRY (H, CHEMISTRY) 5
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010

QUESTIONS
Question 2
Cholesterol is an important molecule present in the human body. However,
high levels of a certain type of cholesterol in the blood are linked with
illnesses such as heart disease and strokes.
CH
2
CH
CH
2
CH
2
C
C
CH
CH
2
CH
CH
CH
2
CH
2
C
CH
CH
2
CH
2
CH
HO
CH
3
CH
3
CH
CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
Cholesterol
CH
3
CH
3
(a) Identify the two circled functional groups on the cholesterol molecule.
(b) Explain why this compound has a high boiling point.
6 CONSUMER CHEMISTRY (H, CHEMISTRY)
© Learning and Teaching Scotland 2010

QUESTIONS
Question 3
β-carotene is a member of a family of chemicals called the carotenoids. It is responsible for the orange colour in many fruits and
vegetables, including carrots.
CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
C
C
C
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
CH CH C
CH
3
CH CH CH C
CH
3
CH CH CH CH C
CH
3
CH CH CH C
CH
3
CH CH C
C CH
2
CH
2
CH
2
C
CH
3
CH
3
CH
3
 -carotene
(a) Which functional group is present throughout the structure of β-carotene?