AMH2020
Midterm Review
Balance of Power:
Booker T. Washington:
Was a part of the southern progressivism, he was born to a former slave, and
founded the Tuskegee Institute, a vocational school that empowered African Americans to learn on their
own. He was a gradualist and thought blacks weren’t advanced enough yet and wanted them to be
economically independent. He was close friends with Carl Schurz who believed it was up to blacks to
determine their success and future.
Election of 1912:
Theodore Roosevelt decided to run for office again after he was disappointed with
Taft’s conservatives. Roosevelt was the champion of progressives and promotes his new idea of new
nationalism. He was favored. With the republican party split, the democrats thought they would win with
Woodrow Wilson how gathered a good amount of progressive legislation. Wilson was similar to
Roosevelt and created “New Freedom” who thought concentration of economic power threatened liberty.
Wilson’s moralizing and New Freedom and a split republican vote won him the election, breaking
Roosevelt’s record with 435 electoral votes.
Ellen Richards:
Believed in education and efficiency. She pioneered home economics and looked at it
from a scientific point of view, encouraging standards of cleanliness and sanitation in the home and
housekeeping and believed in the traditional view that the women’s role in the home was very important
and encouraged and wrote books on proper domestic duties of a woman.
Her studies in chemistry and
water studies aided in the progressive movement in the US and as a result Massachusetts established the
first water quality standards and the first modern sewage system.
“Fighting Bob” LaFollette
:
By 20
th
century, governors trying to put progressivism into practice.
Governor of Wisconsin, Robert M. La Follette. Elected in 1900, center to his identity was progressivism.
Regulating railroads, working hours and environmental issues. “Fighting Bob” made close alliance with
government and University of Wisconsin. Building connections with social scientists and state
government. Applying progressivism to problems they say around them.
Fourteen Points:
President Woodrow Wilson promised a morally driven post-war plan. The fourteen
points was an address to congress after WWI which called for self-determination, freedom of the seas,
open covenants, free trade, and reduced spending on military and association of nations that guaranteed
political independence. Wilson convinced Germans into overthrowing Kaiser and surrendering by
promising peace through the 14 points as well as the allies. Facing little support back in the US with a
republican senate and a hard to please Europe, many of the 14 points had to be dismissed. But he fought
for decolonization and self-determination but made concessions to imperialism.
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