Instructor’s Manualto accompanyAnimal Behavior,Tenth EditionJohn AlcockDiscussion QuestionsChapter 3: The Evolution of Social BehaviorFigure 3.3 shows a phylogeny (see page 31) of many bee species in the genusLasioglossumwith the social system of the species superimposed on the evolutionary tree. What is theminimum number of times that eusociality (i.e., colonial species with obligately sterileworkers) has evolved in this group? How many times has eusociality been lost, eithercompletely or partially? (Partial loss of eusociality has occurred in those species that arelabeled “polymorphic,” which means that in these cases some populations form colonieswith sterile workers and others do not.) How might this phylogeny be used to criticize thecommon value judgment that complex social systems are generally superior, and morerecently evolved, than simpler ones?,
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3.2 Given the differences in reproductive success for the three categories of male lazulibuntings, how can we account for the evolutionary persistence of males with dull and,especially, intermediate plumage?
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