Part 3 - Musculoskeletal Outline.docx - Musculoskeletal...

Musculoskeletal Outline & Chapter Glossaries
Med-surg 1: Exam 3  50 Questions (Dallas)
- Chapters 39 – 42 in med-surg textbook
- Chapter 39 content on CoursePoint on exam but not covered in lecture
- Chapter 27 in Smith, S. & Duell, D. (2017)
- Chapter 9 & Chapter 20 in Pharmacology textbook
Part III – Care of Patients with Musculoskeletal Trauma
» Chapter 42  Med-surg textbook
» Chapter 27  Smith, S. & Duell, D. (2017)
1. Discuss the plan of care for the patient with sprains and strains including the use of splints
2. Discuss the plan of care for the patient with a fracture including the use of casts and traction

o Closed or simple
– No break in the skin
o Open or compound/complex
– Wound extends to the bone through the skin
– Grades not on test
 Grade I: 1 cm to the bone
 Grade II: larger wound without extensive damage
 Grade III: highly contaminated, extensive soft tissue injury, may have
amputation
o Intra-articular
– Extends to the joint surface of a bone
o Figure 42-2
Types of Fractures
BE FAMILIAR AND BE ABLE TO RECOGNIZE DESCRIPTION

 Manifestations of Fracture :
- Acute pain
- Loss of function
- Deformity
- Shortening of the extremity
- Crepitus WHEN YOU PALPATE THE AREA YOU CAN FEEL CRUMBLING SENSATION
UNDER SKIN; CAN BE FELKT AND SOMETIMES HEARD; CAUSED BY RUBBING OF
BONE FRAGMENTS AGAINST ONE ANOTHER
- Local swelling and discoloration
- Diagnosis by symptoms and radiography (X-ray) – often need x-rays because of
swelling to determine the severity
- Pt. usually reports an injury to the area
 Emergency Management:
– Immobilize the body part if we don’t further damage can occur, especially if
its complete break of bone; if don’t get immobilized irt. Can break throught
he skin and create compound
– Splinting : joints distal and proximal to the suspected fracture site must be
supported and immobilized
– Assess neurovascular status before and after splinting
– Open fracture : cover with sterile dressing to prevent contamination
– Do not attempt to reduce then fracture (don’t try to put it back in place)
– Once dislocation happens one time, person is more prone to continuous
dislocations; pbvious deformities
 Medical Management:
o Fracture Reduction – restoration of the fracture fragments to anatomic alignment
and positioning of the bone
o Closed:
– Uses manipulation and manual traction
–