Connective tissues.pptx - connective tissues Connective...

connective
tissues
Connective tissue
Connective tissue proper Skeletal connective tissue
Fibrous CT CT with special
properties
1. Reticular CT
2. Mucous CT
3. Pigment CT
4. Adipose CT
Loose CT
Dense CT
Irregular Regular
Cartilage
Bone

Three components of any type of
connective tissue
 1. Cells
 2. Fibers

3. Ground substance
Extracellular matrix

Connective tissue proper
Fibrous connective tissue
Cells
Fibroblast differon
 Young fibroblasts – low-differentiated cells, can be
divided by mitosis, with low level of synthesis
 Mature fibroblasts – highly-differentiated cells,
specialized on the synthesis of the extracellular
matrix, have developed rough ER and Golgi complex
(for protein synthesis), are not divided

Fibrocytes – definitive (old) form of fibroblasts, with
low level of synthesis
 Myofibroblasts – combine the characteristics of two
cells: smooth muscle cell (actin and myosin
filaments) and fibroblast (Golgi complex and rough
ER). Participate in the healing of wounds and in the
uterus during the pregnancy.
 Fibroclasts – have numerous lysosomes and
destroy the extracellular matrix.
Cells of the hematogenic origin
 Macrophages (originate from monocytes
of blood): activate T-helper cells, produce
cytokines
 Plasma cells (originate from B-
lymphocytes of blood): produce antibodies

Mast cells (tissue basophils): contain
granules with histamine and heparin,
responsible for allergic reactions

Connective tissue proper
Fibrous connective tissue
Other Cells
 Adipocytes – fat cells, contain one large fat droplet, the nucleus and
organelles are moved to the periphery;

Pigment cells – arise from the neural crests, contain the brown
pigment called melanin;
 Adventitial cells – low-differentiated cells, can transform into any
cell of the fibroblast differon ( not hematogenic cell!);
 Pericytes – cells which accompany blood capillaries