DISCUSSION BOARD 31)Using your own words, please use your knowledge of the parts of the neuron todescribe how information comes from the outside world and is turned intobehaviour using the reflex arc (see lecture). Opinion Question: Why do you thinkwe have so many different kinds of neurochemicals in the brain? Pick one ofthese disorders and do some research to write (briefly) about the biology of thedisorder. Schizophrenia, Depression, Anxiety, Bipolar.The stimulus from the environment is received by the dendrites, which are thelong branch like structure of the neuron. The dendrites pass this information to Soma (cellbody) which consolidates this information and decides whether to transfer the information ornot. In case it does decide to transfer, the information in the form of electric chemical goesthrough axon terminal and synapse and from there to other neurons. The electrical chemicalpasses through sensory nerves to the spinal cord. There are cells known as interneurons in thespinal cord which understand and process the information and pass the decision to the motornerves. The motor nerves then carry the decision to the area of target/muscle that is, arms,legs etc. This is known as reflex arc, where the action is taken by the spinal cord to save timeinstead of the information going to the brain.The reason there are a lot of neurochemicals in the brain is because eachneurochemical has a specialised function. Excess or undersupply of each of theseneurochemicals could result in hazardous effects in the body. Therefore, for the properfunctioning of the brain, it is essential for different neurotransmitters to exist.The biology of Schizophrenia is related to the release of the neurotransmitter-Dopamine. The dopamine hypothesis of Schizophrenia suggests that increase of Dopamine inthe limbic brain region causes the positive symptoms of schizophrenia (hallucinations andsense of delusion) and hypo functionality of dopamine can cause the negativesymptoms(anhedonia, alogia). The increase in mesolimbic activity results in delusion,hallucinations and other symptoms. A person battling this disease is given drugs such asThorazine and Invenga which reduce the level of dopamine in the body thus decreasing thesymptoms as well.
2)Describe what it means to be Conscious and how it differs from the subconsciousand unconscious. Try to remember a dream you have had recently. After readingthe lecture, try to describe what your dreams meant in terms of Manifest and
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