NU 545 unit 1 study guide answsers.docx - 1. Cells take in...

1. Cells take in & use nutrients -pg. 2
2. Peroxisomes -pg. 8
3. Lysosomes- pg. 2
4. Nucleolus- pg. 2
5. Lipids, proteins- pg. 2
6. The resting plasma is more permeable to K+. it can diffuse easily from areas of higher concentration in
the ICF to areas of lower in the ECF- pg. 36
7.
8.
9. Platelet-derived growth factor stimulates the growth of connective tissue cells. Helps stimulate blood
clotting at sites of tissue damage to prevent excessive bleeding-pg. 38
10. Protein channel/cell communication maintain stable internal environment- pg. 20
11.Uses 5 forms of signaling mediated by secreted molecules. Hormones, paracrines, neurotransmitters,
& neurohormones are all intercellular that accomplish communication between cells- pg. 21 figure 1.21
12. Passive mediated transport (facilitated diffusion) means by which glucose is transported from the
blood to the cells- pg. 31-32
13. ATP induces the transporter protein to undergo conformational changes causing Na+ and K+ to move
short distances-pg. 32-33
14. Active transport requires life biologic activity, and the cell’s expenditure of metabolic energy. Occurs
across only living membranes that have to drive the flow “uphill “by coupling it to an energy source-pg.
28
15. Peptides that transmit signals within & among cells/major role in tissue growth & development- pg.
38-39
16. No- nerve, lens of eye, & skeletal muscles; Yes- skin intestines
17. Metaplasia-pg.58
18. The loss of ATP during ischemia causes cells to swell because of the influx of sodium chloride (NACl)-
pg.
19. In hypoxic injury because ATP is insufficient to maintain the pump that keeps sodium out of the cell-
pg. 84
20. Giving up an electron which causes injury to the chemical bonds of the cell membrane.
Cardiovascular diseases such as HTN & ischemic heart disease- pg. 59-60
21. Lead causes damage withing the cell by interfering with the function of calcium. Alterations in
calcium play a crucial role in the interference of neurotransmitters, which may cause hyperactive

behavior & the proliferation of capillaries of the white matter & intercerebral arteries -pg. 64-67 Figure
2.20
22. Cognitive impairment, facial anomalies, ocular disturbances, & growth restriction, - pg. 70
23. Causes CNS depression. Depending on the amount consumed depression is associated with sedation,
drowsiness, loss of motor coordination, delirium, altered behavior, & loss of consciousness- pg. 68
24. Liver cells- pg. 84-85
25. Hemosiderosis is a condition that occurs only when excess iron is stored as hemosiderin in the cells
of organs/tissues- pg. 86
26. Depletion of ATP/ damage to membrane- pg. 10
27. In hypoxic injury movement of fluid & ions into the cell is associated with acute failure of metabolism
and a loss of ATP production. ATP is insufficient to maintain the pump that keeps the sodium out of the
cell- pg. 30, 112-113
28. Increase d/t sodium chloride entering the cell. The intracellular sodium increases osmotic pressure
which draws more water into the cell- pg. 30, 112-113