1F Primary Health Care.pdf - 1F: Primary Health Care Health...

1F: Primary Health Care
Health
● Basic human right
● Most essential and primary of all
● According to Universal Declaration of
Human Rights Article 25 section 1:
“Everyone has a right to a standard living
adequate for the health and well-being of
himself and of his family, including food,
clothing, housing, and medical care and
necessary social services, and the right to
security in the event of unemployment,
sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or
other lack of livelihood in circumstances
beyond his control.”
Primary Health Care
● Readily accessible and available to all or to
everyone regardless of creed, status, and
social economic background
Primary Care
● Provision of interventions to cure specific
conditions of individuals at the community
level
● First level of healthcare delivery in which a
generalist (physician or nurse) renders
medical and nursing services for individuals
and population groups
○ Ex: gov’t owned clinics or privately
owned clinics
○ (medical consultation, first-aid,
urgent care, immunization)
● The first contact of people with health
services that are continuous,
comprehensive and coordinated, been
focused on treating illness as and when it
arises rather than preventing disease
(Beard, 2014)
● Focus: treatment of illness
Brief History of PHC
● 1978 (Sept. 6-12) Alma Ata, USSR:
International Conference for PHC
○ Group leaders (WHO and UNCF)
expressed the need for concerted
efforts by all governments and
health and development workers for
the protection and promotion of
health of all people
○ Declarations on Primary Health Care
1. Health is a basic
fundamental right
2. There exists global burden of
health inequalities among
populations
3. Economic and social
development is of basic
importance for the future
attainment of health for all
4. Governments have a
responsibility for the health of
their people
● Goal of Alma Ata: “Health for all” by 2000
○ 5 elements:bussin bussin
1. Universal coverage
2. Health service reforms
3. Public policy reforms
4. Leadership reforms
5. Increasing stakeholder
participation
● 1979: Letter of Instructions 949
○ Former Pres. Marcos underscored
the need to promote health
development in rural areas and to
integrate health in all government
activities
Primary Health Care (PHC):
● WHO/UNICEF, 1978, Stanhope and
Lacaster, 1992: 172
○ An essential health care based on
practical, scientifically sound and
socially acceptable methods and
technology made universally
accessible to individuals and families
in the community through their full
participation and at a cost that the
community can afford to maintain at
every stage of their development in
the spirit of self reliance and self
determination
● WHO, 1981
○ The first level of contact of
individuals, the family and
community with the national health
system bringing health care as close
as possible to where people live and

work, and constitutes the first
element of a continuing health care
process
● Key feature : brings healthcare closer to
people
● Ensure people’s health by fostering active
community participation and establishing
partnership among all sectors of society in
working for better health
Dimensions of PHC:
● Goal : PHC seeks to ensure that all people
regardless of age, sex, creed, religion,
ideology, and race are provided access to
basic health services
● “Health for All”
● Strategy : promotes collaboration among all
sectors in society and values partnership
between public and private organizations
● Philosophy : guides public health
practitioners to rally communities to assume