Week 4 - Renaissance THTR - THTR 201 THEATRE APPRECIATION Week 4: Renaissance Theatre Learning Outcomes Define the term Renaissance as it relates to

THTR 201 THEATRE APPRECIATION Week 4: Renaissance Theatre

Learning Outcomes  Define the termRenaissanceas it relates to history and theatre  Describe theCharacteristicsand Architectural Formsassociated with Renaissance Theatre  Describe the Characteristics of the plays of William Shakespeare  Explain the relationship between the dramatic form known as theCommedia dell’arteand the playwrightMolière

Theatre History Summary thus far:  Greek Theatre Roman Theatre  Medieval Theatre  Ritualized storytelling based on mythology and history presented in theatre structures that evolved out of the natural topography of Greece  Popular entertainment presented in free-standing theatre structures influenced by Greek theatres  Religious and morality based plays as well as secular theatrepresented in temporary outdoor venues

 Rebirthof Classical Ideas of Ancient Greece and Rome  Humanism: a new concern for people and their earthly lives  Secularism: ethical conduct as an end to itself rather than simply to gain entry to Heaven; logical systems of thought independent of divine revelation  Religious Reformation: people began to question the authority of the Church; more emphasis was put on the human rather than the divine will  The Renaissance is followed by theNeoclassic period, c. 1700-1850, a further development of the Renaissance coinciding with theAge of EnlightenmentThe Renaissance c. 1450-1700 {Different countries enter the renaissance at different eras}

England: The Elizabethan Age  The stability fostered by the reign of Elizabeth I (1533- 1603) in England created an environment that encouraged the arts  Religious drama was outlawed (1580-1600), allowing commercial theatre to flourish  For the first time since the Romans, permanent theatre structures were created 1570—Acting became legal as a profession Religious drama outlawed: party as result of Henry VIII’s split with church Drama makes people ask questions, Elizabeth wanted NO religious dissention Religious drama out, secular drama IN! License from government, patronage from nobles

Renaissance theatre in England  Public theatre of the masses, able to entertain all classes of society  Bawdiness, violence, and intellect  Existed alongside popular entertainment, i.e. Bull/Bear baiting  Several performances weekly, often in rotating repertory All-male company; no female actors

Ancestors of the Renaissance Theatre space: The Inn Yard and the Great Hall

Public Theatres

The Public Theatres of the English Renaissance Outdoor: no roof Galleries, yard (pit), platform (thrust stage)  Tiring (actors) house  Partial roof (heavens)  Balcony  Discovery Space & 2 doors  Traps London’s New Globe > Musician’s gallery  Flag for performance

Private Theatres: Indoor

Italian Renaissance Theatres  In this section, note the influence from Roman classical theatres (above left) to Italian renaissance theatres Note the differences with English Public theatres

Teatro Olympico (Vicenza, 1584)

Teatro Farnese (Parma, 1618)

Teatro Farnese: 1stproscenium?

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Week 4 - Renaissance THTR - THTR 201 THEATRE APPRECIATION...

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