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Shakespeare Drama - The Age of Shakespeare 1558-1625 The...

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The Age of Shakespeare (1558-1625) The Drama
about 25 years after Gorboduc – produced period of great confusion – English drama Scholars – cherished – classic species/Senecan Sackville’s & Norton’s tragedy - really artistic drama – imitation of ancient models Writers & actors – catered – amusement – unscholarly rejected conventionThe Elizabethan Romantic Drama
Conflict: Establishment - Romantic drama - achievement – immediate predecessors group – university men trained in classics profiting by lessons discarded principlesThe Elizabethan Romantic Drama humanistsclassicalEnglish public National taste triumphed – before – Shakespeare
Differences: The Elizabethan Romantic Drama Classical playRomantic Play (Shakespearean) 1.Unity of subject & tonetragedy & comedy separate1. Free use of variety – theme & tone blending – tragic & comic incidents – same piece 2. Little / no dramatic actionincidents – in plot – off stagereported2. Drama of action everything represented - action & narrative 3. 3 unities – controlledconstruction a. entire story – single dayb.Single scenec. single story – no subplots /episodes3. Repudiates 3 unities a. allows – story – over moths, years b. changing – as often as necessary c. subplots, minor episodes connected – central subject
- prepared way – ensuring triumph of free & flexible form - group – ‘university wits’ - men of academic training – touch – new learning gave talents to public stage John Lyly (1554? - 1606) Thomas Kyd (1557? – 95?) George Peele (1558? – 97) Thomas Lodge (1558? – 1625) Robert Greene (1560? – 92) Christopher Marlowe (1564 – 93) Thomas Nash (1567 – 1601)Shakespeare’s Predecessors
- contributed something – evolution of darma Lyly– widely known –Euphues– prose romance 8 comedies Time when – public stage – comedy – intellectual tone Lyly – gave – comedy – intellectual tone - skill – clever repartee - puns, conceits Shakespeare’s early comedies – owe – Lyly’s example - learned – combine – main plot & episodes - first master - LylyShakespeare’s Predecessors CamaspeEndymoinGallatheafor court interest: language – dialogue not plot, situation/characterisation
Marlowe man of fiery imaginnation & immense though ill-regulated powers - wild Bohemian life – killed – drunken brawl – still young - more lyric poet than dramatist - introduced blank verse – to romantic drama - influenced Shakespeare: narrative poem: Venus and Adonis Richard III & Richard II Merchant of VeniceShakespeare’s Predecessors Tamurlaine the Great Dr. Faustus The Jew of Malta Edward II Chronicle Plays
on/about 23rd April 1564 Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire son of – prosperous tradesman - later – High Bailiff / Mayor of town - local Grammar school - Latin & arthmetic - few years – sound education - never became learned man 14 year 1578– financial misfortunes – taken from school – earn - employment – not knownShakespeare’s Life
19 year 1583- married – Anne Hathaway – 8 years senior daughter of well-to-do yeoman neighbouring village – Shottery
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