Chapter 14 Notes.docx - 1. On the brink of a new world -By...

1. On the brink of a new world
-By the late 16h century atlantic seaboard become center of commercial activity that raised portugal,
spain, england, France, and dutch republic
A.
-Europe never really made contact with the outside world
B.
-Fantastic lands/ outer lands are said to have rare and good products but have frighting creatures
C.
-Muslim control closed trade but was reopened by the mongols
-Christoper columbus had a copy of marco polo’s travels in his possession when he envisioned his
voyage
-Polo’s of venice are the most famous adventurers.
-Marco, niccolo, and maffeo go to asia to the court of khubilai khan in 1271. ( Marco is the son of niccolo)
- New trade routes made to trade spices more directly
E.
-Conquistadors voyage to spread christianity
-Hernan cortes takes over mexico and spread christianity.
F.
-European monarchies expand their growth and along with that an improvement in sailing
G.
-Maps created charts by math mathematicians and navigators are more useful.
-Portolani drawn on a flat scale and took no curvature of earth in scale
-Ptolemy’s map showed the world is a sphere but was not very accurate and to scale
H.
-Europeans developed remarkable ships and new navigational techniques that used the axial rudder from
china
-The understanding of wind patters also aided sailing greatly
2. New horizons: The portuguese and spanish empires
- Portugal took lead in exploration and began to explore the coasts of africa under the sponsorship on
prince henry
A.
-Prince henry founded a school for navigation in the south western coast of portugal
-Africans sold as slaves to the rich in europe (approx 1000 slaves every year)
-portugal found new source of gold around the hump of west africa
B.
-Dias took advantage of western winds and went to cape of good hope.
-Arriving in calicut da gama announced that he came in search of christians and spices he found no
christians but found the spices
-Portuguese returned to the area seeking to destroy arab shipping ships and to establish a monopoly in
the spice trade. They defeated indian and turkish ships
-Goa became hq of portuguese operations in the entire region (India)
C.
-Portuguese began to range more widely in the spice trade
-Malacca transformed into a thriving port by muslim rulers
-Portuguese take control of city after a bloody ware and massacred the local arab population causing
conflict between portuguese and arabs
-Portuguese launch new expedition to china from Malacca
-portugese control spice trade from the muslim traders
-Portuguese successful because of guns and seamanship