Nursing 274
Ocean County College
BURN INJURY
objectives
1.discuss the incidence of burn injury in the united states today.2. Describe the factors that affect the severity of burn injury.3. describe the local and systemic effects of a major burn injury.4. describe the goals of burn care and the nurse’s role in wound assessment, wound cleansing, topical antibacterial therapy, wound dressing, debridement, excision, and skin grafting.5. describe the nurse’s role in pain management, restoration of function, psychological support of the patient and family, nutritional support, pulmonary care, and patient and family education.6. describe patient care and the recovery process for burn patients.
Burn Video
Burn
Burn injury
An estimated 500,000 people are treated for minor burn
injury annually.
About 14 % die from burns and associated inhalation
injuries
47% occurred at home, 27% on the road, 8% are
occupational, 5% are recreation and 13% from other
sources.
Young children and the older adults are at high risk for
burn injuries.
Survival and recovery
CDC (The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control of
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- identifies fire or burn injury as the fifth most
common cause of death from unintentional injury in US
Research in areas such as fluid replacement, emergency burn
treatment, inhalation injury, nutritional needs, skin grafting
have contributed greatly to the decrease in burn deaths
.
Burn
Burn is tissue injury caused by transfer of energy form from heat
source to body.
Heat from flames, hot liquid, bath, hot surfaces
Electrical current
Explosions
radiation
Burns today
Current improvement in survival
Multiorgan physiologic response to catastrophe
Fluid resuscitate, give ventilator, nutrition support and infection
control
As a nurse-you’ll be involved
First aid on site at parties, backyard barbeque
In ER
In burn center
In after care as home health nurse
In OR – surgeries and repairs
In psych – for victim, caregivers etc.
Child abuse implications
Is the story logical
What is the psych presentation of parent, child
Is it geriatric abuse?
Could it have happened as described
Involve your superior get photos
Skin –
largest body organ
1
st
line of defense
Skin anatomy
Skin anatomy
Epidermis
- a protective physical barrier
- Thin, outer non vascular layer
- No blood vessels so need dermis for capillaries
- Sebaceous glands, hair follicles, sweat glands from here
extend into dermis
- Varies in thickness
Skin anatomy
Dermis
- Site for pain, temp and tactile
sensations
- With arterioles, capillaries and nerve
- Deeper layer of dermis is filled with fibroblast which make collagen and
elastin
Sub dermis
- Has layer of macrophages ad mast cells for inflammation
- Calorie reservoir and shock absorber
- Has layer of macrophages and mast cells for inflammation
Skin functions
Barrier to infection
Sense organ -touch, pressure, pain temp
Thermoregulation-prevents heat loss, allows for rapid cooling
Secretory organ-softens and lubricates
