week 3 - Week 3 Ionian Revolt 499-494 BC Athens Marathon...

Week 3
10/13/15
Ionian Revolt 499-494 BC
Athens
Marathon 490
Xerxes 486-465
Hellenic League 480
Thermopylae
Leoudas
Salamis
Platea 479
Golden/Classical 479-404
-Ionians had to pay taxes and serve in the army in order for the Persians to leave you
alone
-Ionians rose up and rebelled against the Persians soon to be known as the Ionian Revolt
-Ionians knew the great power of Persia. They knew that if the rebellion were to succeed,
they would need help
-Ionians sent messengers across the sea to Greece, begging the Greeks to help
-The Greeks knew the power of the Persians and did not want to interfere with the power
of Persia
-they basically told the Ionians good luck but they could not help
-one Polis agreed to send help from Athens
-sent hoplites and whatnot to help Ionians
-the rebellion fails and Persians crushes the Ionians. The ring-leaders of the revolt were
executed
-Ionians were once again subjects of Persians
-fear helped the Persians rule
-Darius decides he will punish Athens as well, he wanted to demonstrate that if you rebel
or help rebel, you will be punished
-Darius gathered an army of 20 thousand soldiers
-Darius sends his army into Athen territory, Marathon, 26 miles away from Athens
-from Marathon, Persians sends a message to Athens telling them that resistance is fatal.
They should just surrender and become Persian subjects
-Athens had to decide. They were a polis government so the decision was made by an
assembly of citizens
-Athenians decided to go to war
-those who decide to go to war, also serve in the war. They serve to protect their power in
government
-the Athenians asked for help but no one wanted to help
-even the Spartans turned down their call for help
-about 10 Athenian hoplites marched out to Marathon to confront 20 thousand Persians
-Persians had an advantage because their numbers were greater than Athenians
-490 BC, the battle of Marathon, Athenians defeated the Persian soldiers
-about 7 thousand Persians killed and the rest hopped back onto their boats back to Persia

-Athenians lost 192 men
-Athenians won because they had home field advantage, their reasons: their own political
power, their land, their families, their homes
-the Persian army was not made up of all Persians, they weren’t going to stand up for
Persian power
-The Athenians used iron armor
-the Persian army used iron weapons but did not wear armor.
-this is bad for the Persian empire. This defeat makes his empire look weak so he decides
to put time into planning a proper invasion of Greece and conquer them once in for all
-in 486, Darius died. It would be 10 years before Persians invaded Greece again
-Darius’s son, Xerxes takes the thrown and still will execute the invasion of Greece
-Xerxes was not a successful military leader. He makes a lot of mistakes, which will help