Data analysis and design - Data analysis and design...

Jaanshah
Ali
HND/58/31
Acknowledgement
This project was indeed a lot of hard work and time. When it comes to the thanks list, there
are a lot of people I would want to include in my list. Firstly, I would like to thank our
lecturer Ms. vidhia for she’s non-stop support and assistance, which without any hesitation
Data analysis
and design

Data analysis and design /HND/58/31
was provided whenever we needed it. She was indeed very patient while guiding us. This
assignment would be nothing without the enthusiasm and imagination from She. I truly
appreciate She’s dedication from the bottom of my heart. Special thanks go to the
International College of Business and Technology (ICBT), which provided every necessary
material needed for the completion of the assignment before due.
Last but not least, I wish to take this opportunity to thank my classmates and colleagues for
their encouragement and guidance. Especially Safey, Hafiz, Shiyaz, and Ziyaan, for their
endless support and companionship I received throughout the completion of the assignment.
Contents
Acknowledgement ................................................................................................................................. 2
Exclusive summary ................................................................................................................................ 6
TASK 1.1 ................................................................................................................................................. 7
1.1 Explain what a data model is. Evaluate different data models and explain why older data
models have been replaced by new data models .............................................................................. 7
1.1.1 What is Data Model? ............................................................................................................ 7
1.1.2 Main types of Data Models ....................................................................................................... 8
2 | P a g e

Data analysis and design /HND/58/31
1.1.2.1 Hierarchical Model ............................................................................................................. 8
1.1.2.2 Network Model ................................................................................................................ 10
1.1.2.3 Relational Model .............................................................................................................. 10
1.1.2.4 Object / relational Model ................................................................................................. 12
1.1.2.5 Why older data models have been replaced by new data models ....................................... 13
Task 1.2 ................................................................................................................................................ 14
Critically explain the benefits and the limitations of different database technologies .................... 14
 Data mining and warehousing ................................................................................................. 14
 Multimedia databases ............................................................................................................. 16
 Web enabled databases ........................................................................................................... 17
 Geospatial databases ............................................................................................................... 18
Task 1.3 ................................................................................................................................................ 19
Analyze and briefly explain the different approaches to database design ....................................... 19
1.3.1 What is database management system (DBMS)? ................................................................ 19
1.3.2 Importance of using database management system ........................................................... 19
1.3.3 Databases for Different Environment .................................................................................. 20
Normalization concept ................................................................................................................. 20
The steps of normalization are as follows .................................................................................... 20
 First normal form ................................................................................................................. 20
UnNormalized table ..................................................................................................................... 21
 Second normal form ............................................................................................................ 22
Partial key dependencies removed table ..................................................................................... 22
New table in 2nd normalized table .............................................................................................. 23
 Third normal form ................................................................................................................ 24
Fully normalized table after removing partial key dependencies ..................................................... 24
Task 1.4 ................................................................................................................................................ 26
Identify main entities, relationships and draw an ER diagram ........................................................ 26
Task 1.5 ................................................................................................................................................ 27
1 st Step – Mapping of Strong Entity types ........................................................................................ 27
2 nd Step – Mapping of Weak Entity types ......................................................................................... 27
3 rd Step - Mapping of Binary 1 .1 Relation types .............................................................................. 28
4 th Step -Mapping of Binary 1. M Relation types .............................................................................. 28
5 th Step - Mapping of Binary M. N Relation types ............................................................................ 29
Task 1.6 ................................................................................................................................................ 30
3 | P a g e

Data analysis and design /HND/58/31
Normalization .................................................................................................................................. 30
Normal Forms .................................................................................................................................. 30
The steps of normalization are as follows ........................................................................................ 30
Normalized Relational Schema Diagram .......................................................................................... 31
Task 1.7 ................................................................................................................................................ 32
Build the database using appropriate RDBMS ................................................................................. 32
 Creating database tables and relationships ......................................................................... 32
Outputs of the tables: ...................................................................................................................... 37
 Author table result ............................................................................................................... 37
 Publisher table result ........................................................................................................... 37
 Member table result ............................................................................................................ 37
 Book Category table result ................................................................................................... 38
 Book title table result ........................................................................................................... 38
 Book Edition table result ...................................................................................................... 38
