Drugs+for+Upper+Respiratory+(Revised) (1) - Drugs Acting on the Upper Respiratory Tract Chapter 54 Copyright 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott

Drugs+for+Upper+Respiratory+(Revised) (1) - Drugs Acting on...

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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Drugs Acting on the Upper Respiratory Tract Drugs Acting on the Upper Respiratory Tract Chapter 54
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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Drugs Used to Treat Upper Respiratory Infections Drugs Used to Treat Upper Respiratory Infections • Antitussives – Block the cough reflex • Decongestants – Decrease the blood flow to the upper respiratory tract and decrease the overproduction of secretions • Antihistamines – Block the release or action of histamine that increases secretions and narrows airways
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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Drugs Used to Treat Upper Respiratory Infections (cont.) Drugs Used to Treat Upper Respiratory Infections (cont.) • Expectorants – Increase productive cough to clear airways • Mucolytics – Increase or liquefy respiratory secretions to aid clearing of airways
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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Sites of Action of Drugs Working on the Upper Respiratory Tract Sites of Action of Drugs Working on the Upper Respiratory Tract
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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Antitussives Antitussives
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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Antitussives (cont.) Antitussives (cont.) • Caution – Hypersensitivity or history of narcotic addiction • Adverse Effects – Drying effect on the mucous membranes – CNS adverse effects – GI upset
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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Topical Nasal Decongestants Topical Nasal Decongestants • Actions – Sympathomimetic – Affects sympathetic nervous system to cause vasoconstriction – Causing less inflammation of the nasal membrane • Indications – Relieve the discomfort of nasal congestion that accompanies the common cold, sinusitis, and allergic rhinitis
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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Topical Nasal Decongestants (cont.) Topical Nasal Decongestants (cont.) • Pharmacokinetics – Generally not absorbed systemically – Any portion of these topical decongestants that is absorbed is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine • Contraindications – Lesion or erosion in the mucous membranes • Caution – Any condition that might be exacerbated by sympathetic activity
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Copyright © 2013 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Topical Nasal Decongestants (cont.) Topical Nasal Decongestants (cont.)
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