Safwaan Khan
Imperialism
●
Global Inequalities
○
All countries were about the same economically in 1700s
○
Gap grew after Industrial Revolution
●
Old Colonialism (before 1880)
○
Time of Spanish and Portuguese
○
Europeans just want to trade
■
Only touch ports along the coast
■
Leave rest of country untouched
■
Very little interest in worth of colonies 1815-1880
●
Europe busy fighting in wars
○
Tariff barriers
■
Markets became smaller in Europe
●
Countries need other places to buy and sell goods
■
Countries put up protective tariff barriers to develop economy
■
Colonies could not put up tariff barriers so they were at the mercy of the
colonizer
●
New Imperialism
○
Second Industrial Revolution 1880
■
Steel -lightweight and stronger
●
Bigger railroads & buildings
■
Electricity
●
Street lights and power
●
Standard of living go up
○
Europeans get off ships
■
Move into interior of colonies to trade
■
Build railroads and infrastructure to trade easier (ex. India)
■
Pour in investments and capital
●
With more money in colonies, Europeans grew concerned with
how the government was.
●
Colonial Relationships
○
Spheres of influence - Small areas are open for trade to colonizers
■
Least amount of influence
■
China
●
Did not want to trade w/ West
●
Opened up by Opium Wars
●
Europe divided China
○
Split up China into spheres of influence that only certain
countries had access to
○
Protectorate
■
Ruler is of the native land but is controlled by the colonizer like a puppet
(ex. Egypt)
○
Colony
■
Same laws from colonizer apply to colony
■
Most amount of influence
●
Reasons for Imperialism
○
Markets- New markets to sell goods to.
○
Strategy- Put other countries at a disadvantage.
Safwaan Khan
○
Pride- Boost nationalism and distract people from domestic issues
○
Resources- Raw materials needed for manufacturing
●
China
○
First Opium War 1837
■
Great Britain(GB) wanted tea from China
●
China only accept silver currency & not buy anything from Britain
●
Britain grow opium in India to sell to Chinese
○
Chinese get addicted and become useless
■
Chinese gov’t try to crack down
●
Outlaw opium
●
Lin Tse-hsu sent to order foreign merchants to obey Chinese law
○
Merchants refuse and expelled
○
