Ford_PPT_Ch_09 - Introduction to Clinical Pharmacology...

Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Introduction to Clinical
Pharmacology
Chapter 9
Antibacterial Drugs That
Interfere With DNA/RNA
Synthesis
Introduction to Clinical
Pharmacology
Chapter 9
Antibacterial Drugs That
Interfere With DNA/RNA
Synthesis

Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones
•
Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)
•
Gemifloxacin (Factive)
•
Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
•
Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
•
Norfloxacin (Noroxin)

Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Fluoroquinolones: Actions
Fluoroquinolones: Actions
•
Bactericidal effect:
–
Interfere with the synthesis of bacterial
DNA
•
Prevents cell reproduction, leading to
death of the bacteria

Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Fluoroquinolones: Uses
Fluoroquinolones: Uses
•
Used to treat infections caused by gram-
positive and gram-negative microorganisms
•
Used for the treatment of:
–
Lower respiratory infections
–
Bone and joint infections
–
Urinary tract infections and infections of
the skin
–
Sexually transmitted diseases

Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Fluoroquinolones: Adverse Reactions
Fluoroquinolones: Adverse Reactions
•
Common adverse effects:
–
Nausea; diarrhea; headache; abdominal
pain or discomfort; dizziness
•
Serious adverse effects:
–
Photosensitivity and hypersensitivity
–
Bacterial or fungal superinfections
–
Pseudomembranous colitis

Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Fluoroquinolones: Contraindications and
Precautions
Fluoroquinolones: Contraindications and
Precautions
•
Contraindicated:
–
In patients with a history of
hypersensitivity; in children younger than
18 years; during pregnancy; in patients
who cannot follow precautions regarding
photosensitivity
•
Used cautiously in:
–
Patients with renal impairment; patients
with history of seizures; geriatric patients;
patients on dialysis

Copyright © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Fluoroquinolones: Interactions
Fluoroquinolones: Interactions
Interactant drug Effect of interaction