Bio Study Guide Exam 1.pdf - Bio Study Guide Exam 1 Taxa...

Bio Study Guide Exam 1
Taxa Groups of organisms
Linnaean hierarchy Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Importance of
taxonomy
Helpful species (medicines) and which are similar
Harmful species (parasites) and which are similar/will react
similarly
Importance of
binomial naming
system
Everyone can agree, it’s only two names, short and easy
phenetics Way of grouping based on appearances. Not used, no
evolution, but some names/clades stuck (ie reptilia) because
it’s easier to just live with it than to try and change it all (does
not account for convergence)
Convergence Two different animals developing similar traits, not because
they are related, but because they face similar challenges (ie
fusiform shape, eyes in cephalopods and humans)
Cladistics Use evolution to group organisms (accounts for convergence)
Shows phylogeny (who evolved from who)
In group Focal group
Outgroup Used for comparison, just evolutionarily outside ingroup
Adaption Does not occur in individuals, but in a species over
generations. To make a species more fit (survive/reproduce)
Teleology Thinking evolution is going toward a goal
Evolution (3 types) biological/genetic change over generations
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