Bio Study Guide Exam 1TaxaGroups of organismsLinnaean hierarchyDomain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, speciesImportance oftaxonomyHelpful species (medicines) and which are similarHarmful species (parasites) and which are similar/will reactsimilarlyImportance ofbinomial namingsystemEveryone can agree, it’s only two names, short and easypheneticsWay of grouping based on appearances. Not used, noevolution, but some names/clades stuck (ie reptilia) becauseit’s easier to just live with it than to try and change it all (doesnot account for convergence)ConvergenceTwo different animals developing similar traits, not becausethey are related, but because they face similar challenges (iefusiform shape, eyes in cephalopods and humans)CladisticsUse evolution to group organisms (accounts for convergence)Shows phylogeny (who evolved from who)In groupFocal groupOutgroupUsed for comparison, just evolutionarily outside ingroupAdaptionDoes not occur in individuals, but in a species overgenerations. To make a species more fit (survive/reproduce)TeleologyThinking evolution is going toward a goalEvolution (3 types)biological/genetic change over generations●
