Tuesday, April 10, y
Biology 1202 | Exam 1 Notes
Lecture 1
-
Chapter 22
: Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
•
What is Evolution and Adaptation?
-
Evolution
: 2 main ideas
•
change over time of the genetic composition of a population
•
decent of modern organisms with modification from preexisting organisms
-
Evolutionary Adaptation
•
accumulation of inherited characteristics that enhance organisms’ ability to
survive in specific environments
•
Pre-Darwinian Theory of Evolution
-
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
•
Use and disuse
-
bodies of l
iving organisms are modified through the use or disuse of parts
•
ex:
giraffes had shorter necks and legs in the past. Lifetime of stretching
left them with longer legs and necks
•
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
-
modifications are inherited by offspri
ng
•
Turned out to be wrong
•
Evolution by Natural Selection
-
Darwin and Wallace developed the theory independently
1
This
preview
has intentionally blurred sections.
Sign up to view the full version.
Tuesday, April 10, y
•
Darwin
- voyage of the Beagle
-
1830s; Cambridge University. Spent time in South America collecting data
on different organisms. Studied his data
and correlated changes in
organisms and developed theory. Submitted Wallace and his own work.
Published book on the Origin of Species.
•
Wallace
- naturalist in Indonesia; contracted Malaria and began observing
organisms and published writing on the data he collected. Sent to Darwin.
•
Natural Selection
-
the unequal survival and reproduction of organisms due to environmental forces,
resulting in the preservation of favorable adaptations
-
process
“selects” from what is available in the gene pool
-
new characterist
ics are created on demand
•
Mechanism behind Natural Selection
-
Observations
1. Individuals in a population vary in their heritable characteristics
2. organisms produce more offspring than the environment can support
- Inferences
> individuals that are well suited to their environment tend to leave more
offspring than other individuals and overtime favorable traits accumulate in
population
•
Variability
•
Heritability
•
Differential reproductive success
2
Tuesday, April 10, y
Lecture 2
I.
Artificial Selection
A.
Selective breeding of organisms to encourage the occurrence of desirable traits
B.
analogous to natural selection
II.
Concept 22.3
A.
Evolution is supported by an overwhelming amount of scientific evidence
III. Examples of Natural Selection
A.
Soapberry bug
B.
Figure 22.13
IV. Within a few weeks of treatment with the drug 3TC, a patients HIV population
consists almost entirely of 3TC-resistant viruses. How?
This
preview
has intentionally blurred sections.
Sign up to view the full version.

This is the end of the preview.
Sign up
to
access the rest of the document.
- Fall '08
- GREGG
- On the Origin of Species
-
Click to edit the document details