6521.WK6.Assgn.docx - Running head DIABETES TYPES AND...

Running head: DIABETES TYPES AND TREATMENTS
Diabetes Types and Treatments
Michael Fitzgerald
Walden University
6521N, Spring, 2018 Qtr.
Jonas F. Nguh

DIABETES TYPES AND TREATMENTS
Diabetes Types and Treatments
Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to hyperglycemia due to varying degrees of insulin
resistance and impaired ability to secrete insulin. According to the American Diabetes
Association (ADA, 2017), the different types of DM are type one, two, gestational and juvenile
diabetes. The Center for Disease Control (CDC, 2017), estimated that 30.3 million people across
the lifespan of 9.4% of the United States Population have DM in 2015. Type two DM effects 90
– 95% and type one is responsible for 5 – 10% of all cases. The purpose of this paper is to
describe the impact of type two DM on people, the different types of DM, and explain one
common drug used to treat type two DM.
Type One, Two, & Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Huether and McCance (2017), explained that in type one DM occurs due to autoimmune
pancreatic beta cell destruction in genetically susceptible individuals that may be triggered by
environmental exposure. Brutsaert (2017), states that due to progressive autoimmune
degeneration over the years the islets of Langerhans insulin-secreting bets-cells ability to
adequately control plasma glucose levels diminish. Huether and McCance (2017), recommend
treating with supplemental insulin to balance plasma glucose levels.
Huether & McCance (2017), found that people have developed resistance to insulin due
to oversaturation of insulin and inadequate insulin secretion. Brutsaert (2017), discusses how the
combination of hepatic insulin resistance is inadequately suppressing hepatic glucose production
and impaired peripheral glucose uptake from peripheral insulin resistance results in
hyperglycemia. Huether and McCance (2017), explain how in the early part of the disease insulin
levels are very high, then when the disease progresses the production of insulin will decrease to
the point of exacerbating hyperglycemia.
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DIABETES TYPES AND TREATMENTS
According to Calabria (2017), the most common type in children is type one DM, which
is responsible for two-thirds of all new cases. Historically rare in children type two DM has been
increasing along with childhood obesity and now is responsible for one-third of cases in children
(Laureate Education, 2012).