2016 Update of global sovereignty issues: ● There are 194 sovereign states in the world ○ 2002- east timor ○ 2006- montenegro (used to be part of serbia but they went their separate ways peacefully) ○ 2011- south sudan ● In The UN, there is a 193 active state members, but there are two permanent observers ○ Vatican city and palestine ● There are 16 other entities in the UN that have somewhat representation but are much more nebulous in their status ○ Amcazia, south ossetia, cook islands, kosovo, taiwan, etc ● Sept 18th, 2014: Scotland had a referendum for independence. ○ The referendum was should they leave UK or stay? ○ Largest voting turnout ● Brexit: british exit from european union ○ In june, 51% of britons voted to leave and 48% voted to stay ○ The vote wasn’t equal all across great brit, namely scotland ■ Most people in scotland voted to stay in european union. ● catalonia: a part of spain in the northeastern quadrant, has barcelona in it. They feel they