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NURS-6501N-09Jill McKenna BaileyDiscussion Week 5 Forum #2Main PostAnaphylaxis&Anaphylactic (Distributive) ShockAnaphylactic, neurogenic, and septic shock are different types of distributive shock. Anaphylaxis is a sudden severe systemic reaction, a hypersensitivity to an allergen that can be life-threatening. Most responses happen within one hour of exposure to the allergen, but a small number have lethal results within minutes (Bethel, 2013, p. 49). The extreme form of this reaction is called an anaphylactic shock; an accelerated allergic reaction causes the release of an exorbitant amount of histamine causing extreme vasodilation (Hammer & McPhee, 2014, p. 316). The vasodilation causes extreme hypotension because the size of the vascular system exceeds the blood volume even though the blood volume is average, referred to as relative hypovolemia (Hammer & McPhee, 2014, p. 316). The sensitized genetic predisposed individual’s body marshalls a vigorous humoral response resulting in a vast production and release of immunoglobulin IgE antibody. The IgE and allergen bound and cause the mast cell degranulation which produces an inflammatory and immune response resulting in vasodilation and increased vascular permeability. The permeability causes peripheral pooling and tissue edema (Huether & McCance, 2016, p. 643-44). The other possible symptoms that occur is smooth muscle constriction including laryngeal constrictionor laryngospasm and bronchospasm,abdominal pain with diarrhea (Huether & McCance, 2016, p. 644). The vasoactive mediators,