Test Two – Key Terms for COMU 315 Briefly define each term. You can use this document as a template. [The chapter references are from Jandt's sixth edition but the information can Come from any source.] Chapter 7: Amae-In Japanese culture,Amaeis a behavior described as gaining closeness through a parent-child like relationship. Confucian work dynamism-a dimension of culture; persistence, commitment, and organizational identity and loyalty; relabeled by Hofstede as long-term versus short-term orientation. Femininity-a set of attributes, behaviors, and roles generally associated with girls and women. Gaijin-a Japanese word for foreigners and non-Japanese. Individualism-the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social outlook that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual. Long-term orientation- Fostering of virtues, particularly perseverance and thrift, oriented toward future rewards. Machismo-the sense of being 'manly' and self-reliant, the concept associated with "a strong sense of masculine pride: an exaggerated masculinity." It is associated with "a man’s responsibility to provide for, protect, and defend his family." Mitigated speech-a linguistic term describing deferential or indirectspeechinherent in communication between individuals of perceived High-Power Distance which has been in use for at least two decades with many published references. Power distance- theextent to which the lower ranking individuals of a society "accept and expect that power is distributed unequally". Shinto-the traditional religion of Japan that focuses on ritual practices to be carried out diligently to establish a connection between present-day Japan and its ancient past. Short-term orientation- a dimension of culture fostering of virtues related to the past and present, in particular respect for tradition, preservation of face, and fulfilling social obligations Uncertainty avoidance- A dimension of culture the extent to which people are made nervous by unstructured or unpredictable situations.
