Literature Search for Ventilator Associated Pneumonia.docx...

Running head: LITERATURE SEARCH FOR VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA
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Literature Search for Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
Stephanie N. Davis
November 20, 2016
GCU NRS-433V
Instructor: Professor Meva Bryan-Green

LITERATURE SEARCH: VAP PREVENTION 2
Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a pneumonia occurring approximately 48 hours after a
patient is intubated and placed on a mechanical ventilator. VAP is of major concern as it is
directly caused by the use of a medical device. This pneumonia occurs when secretions from the
oropharyngeal area move into the lungs.
Parisi, M. (2016). Use of Ventilator Bundle and Staff Education to Decrease Ventilator-
Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Patients. Critical Care Nurse, 36(5), e1-e7.
doi:10.4037/ccn2016520
Aim: To evaluate the incidence of VAP in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit and to examine
the effects of the implementation of ventilator bundles and staff education on its incidence.
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP), one of the most common hospital-
acquired infections, has a high mortality rate.
Method: A 24-month-long before/after study was conducted, divided into baseline, intervention,
and post intervention periods. VAP incidence and rate, the microbiological profile, duration of
mechanical ventilation, and length of stay in the intensive care unit were recorded and compared
between the periods. Results of 1097 patients evaluated, 362met the inclusion criteria. The
baseline VAP rate was 21.6 per 1000 ventilator days. During the post intervention period, it
decreased to 11.6 per 1000 ventilator days (P = .01). Length of stay in the intensive care unit
decreased from 36 to 27 days (P = .04), and duration of mechanical ventilation decreased from
26 to 21 days (P = .06).
Conclusion : VAP incidence was high in a general intensive care unit in a Greek hospital.
However, implementation of a ventilator bundle and staff education has decreased both VAP
incidence and length of stay in the unit. (Critical Care Nurse. 2016;36[5]: e1-e7)

LITERATURE SEARCH: VAP PREVENTION 3
Lawrence, P., & Fulbrook, P. (2011). The ventilator care bundle and its impact on ventilator-
associated pneumonia: a review of the evidence. Nursing In Critical Care , 16 (5), 222-
234. doi:10.1111/j.1478-5153.2010.00430.x
Aims and objectives : The aim of this review was to critically analyze recent research that has
investigated ventilator care bundle (VCB) use, with the objective of analyzing its impact on
ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) outcomes.
Background: The VCB is a group of four evidence-based procedures, which when clustered
together and implemented as an 'all or nothing' strategy, may result in substantial clinical
outcome improvement. VAP is a nosocomial lung infection associated with endotracheal tube use
in ventilated patients. Since the VCB was introduced there have been several studies that have
reported significant VAP rate reductions.