2.1
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne
©
2003
Operating System Concepts with Java
Chapter 2: Computer-System Structures
Chapter 2: Computer-System Structures
Computer System Operation
I/O Structure
Storage Structure
Storage Hierarchy
Hardware Protection
Network Structure

2.2
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne
©
2003
Operating System Concepts with Java
A Modern Computer System
A Modern Computer System

2.3
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne
©
2003
Operating System Concepts with Java
Computer-System Operation
Computer-System Operation
I/O devices and the CPU can execute concurrently
Each device controller is in charge of a particular device type
Each device controller has a local buffer
CPU moves data from/to main memory to/from local buffers
I/O is from the device to local buffer of controller
Device controller informs CPU that it has finished its operation
by causing an
interrupt

2.4
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne
©
2003
Operating System Concepts with Java
Common Functions of Interrupts
Common Functions of Interrupts
Interrupt transfers control to the interrupt service routine
generally, through the
interrupt vector
, which contains the
addresses of all the service routines
Interrupt architecture must save the address of the interrupted
instruction
Incoming interrupts are
disabled
while another interrupt is being
processed to prevent a
lost interrupt
A
trap
is a software-generated interrupt caused either by an error
or a user request
An operating system is
interrupt
driven

2.5
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne
©
2003
Operating System Concepts with Java
Interrupt Handling
Interrupt Handling
The operating system preserves the state of the CPU by storing
registers and the program counter
Determines which type of interrupt has occurred:
polling
vectored
interrupt system
Separate kernel routines determine what action should be taken
for each type of interrupt

2.6
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne
©
2003
Operating System Concepts with Java
Interrupt Time Line For a Single Process Doing Output
Interrupt Time Line For a Single Process Doing Output

2.7
Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne
©
2003
Operating System Concepts with Java
I/O Structure
I/O Structure
Synchronous I/O
- After I/O starts, control returns to user
program only upon I/O completion
Wait instruction idles the CPU until the next interrupt


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