ANCIENT ROME - ANCIENT ROME MATERIALS brick sun-dried brick kiln-fired brick glazed brick different shapes industrialized marked with dates and

 ANCIENT ROME  MATERIALS  brick: sun-dried brick, kiln-fired brick, glazed brick • different shapes • industrialized • marked with dates and signature of emperor of that time  timber (Lebenon)  metals: iron, lead, bronze  stone: sandstone, limestone, granite, marble • imported (some marble found in Rome; white with grey grains)  concrete • invented by Romans • (lost with the fall of empire) • Opus Caementum (concrete work) ♦ Different types of concrete work (see slide) ♦ Veneering afterwards ♦ Reticulatum= at a 45 degree angle ♦ Testaceum= with headers, tallest • Pozzolana cement + aggregates + water ♦ Aggregates= gravel, stone, rubble ♦ The heavier the concrete the heavier the concrete  tiles: clay  mosaic  glass • already known in Egypt and Greece • first used for construction by Romans • not clear; opaque • different colors/pigments  only civilization to import materials internationally (stopped with the fall)  STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS  column and beam (post and lintel)  timber roof system: timber truss • to be efficient with wood • King posts, scarfed joints  arch: • arcade ♦ arches in a row ♦ same dimensions ♦