Kas 1 Notes for 1 st LE 3 Elements of History - tao, lugar, panahon Hominization - physical development Sapienization - mental development Man vs Animals - morality, language, cooking Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Sources Paglalahad ng Kasaysayan 1. Diochronic: chronological 2. Synchronic analysis: P. E. R. S. I. A. a. Political b. Economic c. Religion d. Social e. Intellectual } Cultural f. Arts } Pananaw 1. Pansila 2. Pangkayo 3. Pangkami (mga illustrado) 4. Pantayo Early Philippine History Barangay - unit of government - composed of 30 to 100 families - derived from “balanghai” - ruled by datu or raha, who was the commander in times of war Sangduguan: blood compact, fostered friendships and alliances Laws: written: promulgated by datu and elders, customary: handed down generations, lawbreakers were tried through trial by ordeal Umalohocan: those who announced laws in public Agriculture: main source of agriculture, kaingin and tillage Other industries: fishing, ship building, weaving, wine-making, pottery, and blacksmithing Barter system: used in business transactions Bathalang Maykapal: Supreme God

Anitos: spirits of ancestors that guided them in everyday life, remains of ancestors kept in manunggul jar Babaylan or Catalonan: mediator between gods and people, healed the sick, interpreted constellations, advised the datus Anting-anting or Gayuma: magical charms Mangkukulam or Manggagaway: black magic Diwata: good spirits Aswang or Tikbalang: bad spirits Social Classes - Nobles (datu or raha, “gat” or “lakan”) - Freedmen (maharlika or timawa) - Dependents (alipin namamahay: could own property, alipin sagigilid: could not own property) Women: had equal place in society, had the right to inherit positions or properties Written tradition: alibata or baybayin, 17 symbols, derived from Sanskrit Language: more than 100 languages and dialects Literature: written and oral (epiko, awit, bugtong) Clothing: Men – Kanggan and Bahag, Women – Baro and Saya Housing: bahay kubo Marriages: pamamanhikan, pamamalae, pamumulungan, man gives dowry Early Philippine Relations Chinese 1. Traded with the Song and Ming Dynasty 2. Chinese coins along with porcelain found in the Philippines 3. Used Chinese junks, trade was wholesale 4. Gold, silver, silk, and porcelain for pearls and corals 5. Chinese traders established settlements in Luzon and Visayas 6. Tributary states: Sulu, Butuan, Luzon 7. Traditions: arranged marriages, wearing of black during mourning, using umbrellas Muslims 1. Traders – Tuan Mashaika 2. Missionaries – Karim-ul Mahkdum lead to Makhduming or gurus, established first mosque 3. Sultanates 4. Madrasa – schools for Muslim children India 1. Trade with Sri Vijaya and Madjapahamit kingdoms 2. Bathala Philippine Society and Spanish Expansionism