Notes ARM Class updated.docx - ADVANCE RESEARCH METHODS...

ADVANCE RESEARCH METHODS
Class-01/13.09.2018
What is Research?
 It is a process to know the unknown within the known self .
 It is a systematic process which relates with the understanding of any phenomena in the reality to resolve a specific
problem with specific process and procedures to recommend appropriate solutions for that problem.
Three reality purpose
1) Research approach:
i) Deductive approach:
In this approach, the researcher understands the general phenomena/theories to resolve the specific
problem in the surroundings. Therefore, a general to specific approach is being adopted .
ii) Inductive approach:
In this approach, a specific scenario is being observed and elaborated to make general conclusions about
that specific domain. Therefore, a researcher have to move from specific to general.
2) Research types:
i) Basic:
In this type of research, experiments are being conductive to add in the existing body of knowledge .
(This
is Inductive approach)
ii) Applied:
In this type of research, existing problem is being identified for appropriate and specific solutions .
3) Research Methods:
i) Qualitative Method:
In this method, a general phenomena intends to be resolved for a specific solution through verbal
interaction with the victim of that phenomena.
ii) Quantitative Method:
In this method, the target respondents who have some idea about the problem are selected/encouraged
to respond on a specific questionnaire items which contains ranking of each item of the questionnaire.
(see linkert scale).
Approach Type Method
Deductive
Applied Quantitative

Class-02/27.09.2018
What are the variables in Research?
A variable in research simply refers to a person , place , thing , or phenomenon that you are trying to measure in some
way.
The best way to understand the difference between a dependent and independent variable is that the meaning of each
is implied by what the words tell us about the variable you are using. You can do this with a simple exercise from the
website, Graphic Tutorial. Take the sentence, " The [independent variable] causes a change in [dependent variable] and it
is not possible that [dependent variable] could cause a change in [independent variable] ." Insert the names of variables
you are using in the sentence in the way that makes the most sense. This will help you identify each type of variable. If
you're still not sure, consult with your professor before you begin to write.
Types of variables:
Independent Variables (IV):
Which is stable and does influence others but not get influenced.
Dependent Variables (DV):
Which is being influenced by no. of phenomena but cannot influence others.
Moderator (Balance out/Referee): Outcome will be cleared immediately
It increases (Strengthen) relationship or decreases (weaken) between IV & DV.
Mediator (Intervening): Time bound activity
Mediating variable is that kind of variable which clarifies its essence over the period of time by resolving or disturbing
the relationship between IV & DV.