APUSH Quarter 3 Test #2:Gilded Era and Progressive EraTest: A Day- 3/15, B Day- 3/16NotesChapter 16: The Conquest of the Far West●Oliver Kelly- Dept. of Agriculture●Farmer’s Cooperatives (businesses owned and run by farmers to save the costs chargedby middlemen)●1867, “Grange”○Farmer’s alliance●Collective Bargaining- buy in bulk→ retailers → RR○Began as: Economic movement towards reform to a → political movement●Laissez-Faire○Monetary policy■Tariffs■PR land grants●Gov. regulation= problem in Gilded Age○Politicians esp. @ fed. Level were ‘owned’ by big business (“Bosses of theSenate”)●1870s- Illinois: “Granger Costs”●Illinois passed laws regulating RR rates●1877, Munn v. Illinois○Munn= RR owner, “Illinois doesn’t have the right to regulate rates”○Interstate v. intrastate○Ruling: Supreme Court upheld Illinois law (Illinoiscanregulate rates of RRs thatrun through Illinois)●1886, Wabash v. Illinois○Wabash= RR company○Ruled unconstitutional: state cannot regulate interstate commerce●Pres. Grover Cleveland (Dem.)○Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)■Fact finding commission, has no ‘teeth’, issues injunctions, cannot finecompanies○5 man board appointed by pres. - make sure RR & telegraph rates are ‘fair and
