Perception & Individual Decision MakingChapter 51–1KDR University, PA Faculty, Organizational Behavior Chapter-1, Lecture by: Barai MobarezOrganizational Behavior Stephen P. Robbins T E N T H E D I T I O N
Chapter Learning ObjectivesChapter Learning ObjectivesAfter studying this chapter you should be able to:1.What is perception?2.What causes people to have different perceptions of the same situation?3.Can people be mistaken in their perceptions?4.Does perception really affect outcomes?5.Explain how two people can see the same thing and interpret it differently 6.List the three determinants of attribution 7.Describe how shortcuts can assist in or distort our judgment of others 8.Explain how perception affects the decision making process 9.Outline the six steps in the rational decision making model 10.Describe the actions of the bounded rational decision maker 11.List and explain the common decision biases or errors 12.Identify the conditions in which individuals are most likely to use intuition in decision making 13.Contrast the three ethical decision criteria 2-2KDR University, PA Faculty, Organizational Behavior Chapter-1, Lecture by: Barai Mobarez
PerceptionA process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.Why perception is important?People’s behavior is based on their perception of what reality is, not on reality itself.The world as it is perceived is the world that is behaviorally important.Perception BehaviorDecision making is based on perception KDR University, PA Faculty, Organizational Behavior Chapter-1, Lecture by: Barai MobarezWhat Is Perception, and Why Is It Important?
KDR University, PA Faculty, Organizational Behavior Chapter-1, Lecture by: Barai MobarezFactors that influence perception Factors that influence perception
Person Perception: Making Judgments About OthersPerson Perception: Making Judgments About OthersAttribution TheoryWhen individuals observe behavior, they attempt to determine whether it is internally or externally caused. 1.Internally - caused behaviors are those that are believed to be under the personal control of the individual.2.Externally - caused behavior seen as resulting from outside causes i.e., the person is seen as having been forced into the behavior by the situation. 3.Example – If one of your employee is late for work, how will you perceive his lateness, as a manager?Determination, however, depends on three factors: 1.Distinctiveness:shows different behaviors in different situations.2.Consensus:response is the same as others to same situation.3.Consistency:responds in the same way over time.KDR University, PA Faculty, Organizational Behavior Chapter-1, Lecture by: Barai Mobarez
Person Perception: Making Judgments About OthersPerson Perception: Making Judgments About Others1.Distinctiveness : what we want to know is whether this behavior is unusual. If it is, the observer is likely to give the behavior an external attribution. If this action is not unusual, it will be judged