LLEWELLYN.docx - 1 u201cA framework for improving...

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“A framework for improving construction Health and Safety Professionals performance”

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CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2. Introduction
The chapter gives detailed review of the road construction projects, road sector and its activities
locally, the study variables and constructs have been discussed extensively to show how they
relate to the objectives of this research. The literature covered in this chapter provides findings
findings from the previous studies conducted in relation to the study topic with deep foundation
supporting the research variables.
2.1 Occupational Safety
According to safety Kashid and Kolhe (2018), refers to protection against injuries that arise from
different incidences including the construction jobs. Therefore, safety management involves
diverse approaches to curb harmful results and assists in preventing not only accidents and
incidents, but also monetary losses and inefficiencies. These occurrences are uncontrolled and
unplanned happenings that cause harm- to both property and human beings. Since construction
companies offer physical plant, work, establishment or office, they need to commit themselves
into providing everything that is necessary to protect workers from hazards linked to their duties.
2.2 Health Management Practices in construction industry
The health management practices involve all the activities that target at protecting and preserving
capital and human resources at any workplace setting. The objective of every work-related health
activities is to nurture a harmless work setting and safeguard family members, co-workers,
customers, employers, suppliers, neighboring people, and the entire public that is affected by the
workplace setting. Provision of health services involves doing undertakings at the workplace that

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are aimed at promoting and protecting employee’s health, well-being, and safety alongside
refining their health and safety and performance in the construction sector.
2.3 Framework for improving construction Health and Safety
2.3.1 Health and Medical Policy
According to Sieberhagen, Rothmann and Pienaar (2009), health and medical policy is the
decisions, plans, and actions undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within an
organization. Occupational health policy defines the reason, roles and responsibilities of
occupational health within the company, procedures, and responsibilities of managers and
employees. In a study to determine the relationship between job control in construction and
safety performance, Kaplan and Baron-Epel (2015), showed that safety performance tends to be
better in those firms that have a closer job control and long continuous duration of employment
of workers. Kaplan and Baron-Epel (2015), defined job control as a combination of management
ongoing knowledge of site conditions and its ability to react promptly to any special needs that
arise on site. Job control was measured in terms of the nature and location of the site, the degree