Chapter 16 Societies of the Far West The Western Tribes 1.The caste system bw the Indians and the Spanish ●Mexicans ●Pueblos ●Mulatto essay and mestizos 2.Tribes ●Cultures based on close and extended family networks and on an intimate relationship with nature ●Each band had its own governing Council 3.Buffalo flesh=principal source of food and it's skin can supply materials for clothing shoes teepees blankets robes and utensils. 4.Sioux = the most powerful tribe in the Missouri River Valley. 5.By the mid 19th century, the Sioux, Arapaho, and Cheyenne had forged a powerful alliance. Hispanic New Mexico 1.General Stephen Kearney tried to establish a territorial government that excluded the established Mexican ruling class 2.The Hispanics feared that the U.S govt would confiscate their lands or threaten their societies. 3.In 1847,Taos Indians rebelled;they kill the new governor and other Anglo-American officials before subdued by United States Army forces 4.With the railroads came extensive new ranching, farming and Mining which attracted a new wave of Mexican immigrants in search of work Hispanic California and Texas 1.English speaking Prospectors organized to exclude Hispanics, sometimes violently, from the mines during the gold rush. 2.Many Californios also lost their land of the through corrupt business deals or throughout seizure. 3.In Texas,many Mexican landowners lost their land after the territory joined the United States. 4.In 1859, Mexican resentment erupted in an arm challenge to American power:a raid on a jail in Brownsville, led by the Rancher Juan Cortina, who freed all the Mexican prisoners inside. The Chinese Immigrants 1.In 1852, the California legislature began trying to exclude the Chinese from gold mining by enacting a “foreign miners” tax. 2.Secret societies such as tongs were violent criminal org, involves in the opium trade and prostitution. Anti-chinese sentiment
1.The Chinese Exclusion Act banned Chinese immigrants into the United States for 10 years and barred Chinese already in the account country from becoming naturalized citizens. 2.Reflect the growing fear of unemployment. Migration from the East 1.The Homestead Act of 1862 permitted settlers to buy a plot of a hundred sixty Acres for a small fee if they occupied the land they purchased for 5 years and improved it 2.The Timber culture Act act of 1873 permitted homesteaders to receive grants of 160 additional Acres if they planted 40 acres of trees on them 3.The Deserted Land Act of 1877 provided the claimants cut by 640 at acres and $1.25 an acre provided they irrigated part of their Holdings within 3 yrs 4.The Timber and Stone Act of 1878, presumably apply to non arable land, authorized sales at $2 50 an acre. 5.Utah became a state after the banned of polygamy. 6.Oklahoma was opened to white settlement and granted territorial status in 1889-1890 The changing Western economy Labor in the West 1.The labor shortage of the region led to higher wages for workers Than Words typically in most areas of the East 2.
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