Topic 11 TISSUE INTEGRITY Ch 62 Burns Pathophysiology.ppt -...

Topic TISSUE INTEGRITY
Chapter 62 Management of
Patients With Burn Injury
SCR 290 Medical Surgical Nursing II

On completion of this chapter, the learner will be able to:
•
Discuss the incidence of burn injury in the United States.
•
Describe the factors that affect the severity of burn injury.
•
Describe the local and systemic effects of a major burn injury.
•
Identify priorities of care and potential complications for each
phase of burns.
•
Identify fluid replacement requirements during the
emergent/resuscitative and acute phases of a burn injury.
• Discuss the nurse’s role in burn wound management during the
acute/intermediate phase of burn care.
• Use the nursing process as a framework of care for the patient
with burns during the emergent/resuscitative and rehabilitation
phases of burn care.
•
Describe the psychosocial challenges associated with burn
injuries and identify strategies for intervention.
Learning Objectives
2

•
Burn injuries are painful, costly, disfiguring,
require intensive and extensive rehabilitation
therapy, and may be associated with long-term
disability.
•
Larger burns are associated with
morbidity and mortality disproportionate to
their initial appearance.
•
A burn injury can affect people of all ages and
socioeconomic groups.
•
An estimated 450,000 people are treated for
burns annually.
•
68% had injuries that occurred at home, 10%
had industry-related injuries, 5% had
recreationally related injuries, and 17% had
injuries from other sources.
Overview of Burn Injury
3

•
Of all these injuries, approximately 44%
were flame related, 33% were scald injuries,
9% were from direct source contact, 4%
were electrical, 3% were chemical, 1% were
inhalation only, and the remaining were from
unspecified or miscellaneous categories
•
Patients with burns have particularly
prolonged lengths of hospital stay.
•
Men have more than twice the incidence of
burn injury than women; for both men and
women, the most frequent age group for
burns is between 20 and 30 years.
Overview of Burn Injury
4

5

Overview of Burn Injury
6

•
Many factors contribute to a lengthy length
of stay. For example, many of these patients
require surgical interventions, extensive pain
control, immobilization and rehabilitation, and
prolonged intravenous (IV) medication
regimens, especially with antibiotics and
opioids.
•
In addition, patients with smoke inhalation
and electrical injuries require particularly
lengthy care regimens
•
The strongest predictors for mortality in
burn injuries included increased percent of
TBSA burned, presence of inhalation injury,
and increased age.
Overview of Burn Injury
7

•
Burns are classified according to the depth
of tissue destruction.
•
First-degree burns are superficial injuries
that involve only the outermost layer of skin.