Chapter 9
BURNS
Depth:
First-degree/superficial
●
Pain
●
Red skin
Second degree/partial-thickness
●
Intense pain
●
Moist skin
●
Blisters
Third degree/full-thickness
●
Dry skin (various colors)
●
No pain (if pain at edges = 1 and/or 2 degree) hard to the touch
Rule of Nines
●
Determines size of burn
●
Percentage for each part of adult’s body
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9% = entire head
●
18% = front torso; back; leg
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Small child: head = 18%, leg = 14%
Rule of the Palm
●
Determines size of small or scattered burns
Chapter 10
Scalp wound/fracture
Why so much bleeding?
1.
Rich in blood
2.
Vessels don’t constrict
Control bleeding by:
1.
Direct pressure over wound
OR
2. If skull fracture suspected = indirect pressure using doughnut pad
What to look for?
1.
Deformity
2.
CSF - “halo or ring sign”
3.
Raccoon eyes
4.
Battle’s sign
5.
Penetrating wound
First Aid
1.
Doughnut or ring pad for bleeding
2.
Elevate upper body slightly
Brain Injury
1.
Stabilize head & neck
2.
Follow guidelines
●
1-2-3 rule
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Colorado medical society
