Language
is the Key
Edited by Monika Jezak
University of Ottawa Press
The Canadian Language
Benchmarks Model

LANGUAGE IS THE KEY
The Canadian Language
Benchmarks Model
EDITED BY
Monika Jezak
University of Ottawa Press
2017

The University of Ottawa Press gratefully acknowledges the support extended to
its publishing list by Canadian Heritage through the Canada Book Fund, by the
Canada Council for the Arts, by the Ontario Arts Council, by the Federation for
the Humanities and Social Sciences through the Awards to Scholarly Publications
Program, and by the University of Ottawa.
Copy editing: Susan James
Proofreading: Robbie McCaw
Typesetting:
Counterpunch Inc.
Cover design: Thierry Black and Elizabeth Schwaiger
Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication
Language is the key : a Canadian Language Benchmarks model / edited by
Monika Jezak.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Issued in print and electronic formats.
ISBN 978-0-7766-2583-6 (softcover).—ISBN 978-0-7766-2584-3 (PDF).--
ISBN 978-0-7766-2585-0 (EPUB).—ISBN 978-0-7766-2586-7 (Kindle)
1. English language—Study and teaching as a second language.
2. French
language—Study and teaching as a second language.
3. English language—
Study and teaching—Canada.
4. French language—Study and teaching—Canada.
5. Immigrants—Education—Canada.
6. Adult education—Canada.
I. Jezak,
Monika, 1962–, editor
PE1128.A2L34 2017
428.0071'071
C2017-903655-6
C2017-903656-4
@ Monika Jezak, 2017
Printed in Canada
under Creative Commons License Attribution—
Non Commercial Share Alike 4.0 International.
(CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

Table of Contents
Table of Main Acronyms
............................................................
vii
Foreword
Monika Jezak
....................................................................................
1
1
Introduction:
Canadian Language Benchmarks
and
Niveaux de compétence linguistique canadiens
– Canadian Language Framework in the
Era of Glocalization
Monika Jezak and Enrica Piccardo
....................................................
7
2
Design-Based Research Methodology for Establishing
the Common Theoretical Framework and the
CLB/NCLC Scales
Monique Bournot-Trites
.................................................................
31
3
Teaching and Assessment with the CLB:
Teacher Experiences and Perspectives
Eve Haque and Antonella Valeo
......................................................
55
4
Teaching and Assessment: Using the CLB in a Range
of Contexts under the Stewardship of the Centre for
Canadian Language Benchmarks
Anne Senior
....................................................................................
71
5
The NCLC in Minority Settings:
Past and Future Projects
Élissa Beaulieu and Morgan Le Thiec
.............................................
89
6
Conclusion: Building a Bridge to the Future –
Potential Contribution of the CLB and the NCLC
Samira ElAtia
...............................................................................
107
Contributors
................................................................................
121

Table of Main Acronyms
English
French
CLB: Canadian Language
Benchmarks
CCLB: Centre for Canadian
Language Benchmarks
CEFR: Common European
Framework of Reference for
Languages
ACTFL: American Council
for the Teaching of Foreign
Languages
CIC (since 2016, IRCC)
Citizenship and Immigration
Canada / Immigration,
Refugees and Citizenship
Canada
LINC: Language Instruction
for Newcomers to Canada
program
TESL: Teachers of English as a
Second Language Association
NCLC : Niveaux de
compétence linguistique
canadiens
CNCLC : Centre des Niveaux
de compétence linguistique
canadiens
EQ : Échelle Québécoise
CLIC : Cours de langue pour
les immigrants au Canada


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