Mid-Year Assessment Study Guide - Period 9 - Madison Case - Mid-Year Assessment Study Guide Period 9 Initial Inhabitants and Colonial America Important

Mid-Year Assessment Study Guide - Period 9 Initial Inhabitants and Colonial America Important Events/Places ● The first settlers (natives, not colonists) came across the glaciers (Bering Strait) that were formed by the Ice Age . They discovered it by accident for survival reasons. ● REGIONS OF NATIVE AMERICANS AND TRIBES: ○ Regions: ■ Northeast: crops, Wigmans, breechcloths ■ Southeast: houses of plaster weaved baskets ■ Great Basin: buffalo, teepees, vegetation ■ Great Plains: buffalo meat, lots of allies, canoes ■ Plateau: salmon, dome, basketry ■ Southwest: squash, walked everywhere, made out of stone ● Jamestown, VA: ○ First permanent English settlement ○ Whole colony mysteriously dies ■ Different theories ● Starvation ● Poisoned by Spanish ● Killed by Native Americans ● Disease ● French and Indian War: French and Natives v. British ● Causes: ○ All wanted the Ohio River Valley: ■ Natives ● It was theirs first ● They needed it for survival ■ French ● Control trade ● So the British didn’t have it ● Maintain allies ■ British ● Need more farms and land ● Improve economy ● “Virginia Charter” granted it to them ● So the French didn’t have it ● Why the British left: ● Mid 1500’s booming population ● Sheep’s wool is v important so it’s the chief export ○ Large increase in sheep population and sheep farms ■ Farmers lost jobs and were replaced by the sheep

■ Overpopulation in cities led to looking for new place ● Get rid of “undesirables” ● The English Reformation: English couldn’t pick a religion ○ Separatists:set up independent congregations because they thought Church of E sucked ○ Non Separatists: puritans who were loyal to Church of E Key People ● French ○ Kinder to them ○ Tried to learn things from the Natives ○ -How they colonized: ○ Trading ○ Agricultural knowledge shared ● Spanish ○ Saw them as “perfect for slavery”’ ○ No respect ○ Saw them as invalids and barbarians ○ “Kept an indian” ○ -How they colonized: ○ Strict rules: converted and exploited natives ○ Wanted the $ ex: they controlled all trade ● British ○ Hostile native relationships ○ How they colonized: ○ Based on Agriculture ■ Tobacco as a cash crop ○ Conflicts with some tribes ● Jaques Cartier (French): natives welcomed them and embraced them ● Micheal Lok (British): waved flag, stated dominance, wanted money, claiming land ● Escalantea and Barrato (Spanish): “kept an Indian”, explored agriculture, serve God and “his majesty” (Spanish king) Timeline ● 1689: French and English at War in Europe ● 1753: G.W. tells French to leave O.R.V . and builds a fort there ● 1754: French and Native Americans seize the fort, which signals war ● 1763: Treaty of Paris Proclamation of 1763 Results ● France lost most of its’ territory ● British territory doubled in size ● Great Britain tried to make colonies pay for war debt Textbook Pages ●