INTRODUCTION
TO GUIDANCE AND
COUNSELLING
What is Counselling?
Zunker (1994),
Counselling is the
process which takes place in a one-on-
one relationship between an individual,
beset by problems with which he/she
cannot solve alone and a professional
worker whose training and experience
have qualified him to help others reach
solutions to various types of personal
difficulties.
Counselling is an interactive
process conjoining the counselee
who needs assistance and the
counselor who is trained and
educated to give this assistance
Parez(1965)
Key points
Counselling is about:
Helping relationship
Mostly one-on-one
Between a client and counselor who
professionally trained and educated
With aim of helping the client solve his
or her problem/s
Goals of Counselling
Developmental Goals: Developmental
goals are those wherein the client is
assisted in meeting or advancing her
or his anticipated human growth and
development (that is, socially,
personally, emotionally, cognitively,
physical wellness, and so on.
Preventive Goals: Preventive goal is a
goal in which the counsellor helps the
client avoid some undesired outcome.
Facilitative Goals: If the client
possesses special skills and abilities,
enhancement means they can be
identified and/or further developed
through the assistance of a counsellor
Remedial Goals: Remediation
involves assisting a client to
overcome and/or treat an
undesirable development.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
GUIDANCE
AND
COUNSELLING
GUIDANCE
COUNSELLING
1. Is a helping service
Is the heart of guidance
2. Is knowledge-based
Is affective based
3.Is less personal and
less intimate
More personal and more
intimate
4.Is informative and
didactic
Is emotionally flexible
and less didactic
5.Is usually initiated by
counsellor
Usually initiated by client
6. Is usually for more
than one person
Is usually one-on-one
PSYCHOTHERAPY
Psychotherapy is derived from the
Greek word
therapeia
, meaning
healing.
Psychotherapy is a collaborative
treatment between an individual and
a psychologist, where the
psychologist uses scientifically
validated procedures to help people
develop healthier, more effective
habits.
Objectives:
removing, modifying, or retarding
existing symptoms,
mediating disturbed patterns of
behaviour, and
promoting positive personality growth
and development
It deals with deep seated emotional
challenges like: depression, anxiety,
stress
Similarities between Counselling and
Psychotherapy
Both provides the person with a
confidential space in which to explore
personal difficulties.
Effective practice in both, depends to a
great extent on the quality of the
client–counsellor relationship.
Self-awareness and personal therapy
are valued elements of training and
ongoing development
Differences between Counselling and
Psychotherapy
Counselling
Psychotherapy
1. Provided by specialist professional
workers, but also paraprofessionals,
volunteers etc.
