●Lesson 4.1: Joints & MotionVocab: ●Abduction ○Movement away from the midline of the body ●Adduction ○Movement toward the midline off the body ●articular cartilage, ○smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints. Allows bones to glide over each other with little friction. Damaged by injury and wear and tear ●Articulation ○The action or manner in which the parts come together at a joint ●ball and socket joint ○An articulation (as the hip joint) in which the rounded head of one bone fits into a cuplike cavity of the other and admits movement in any direction ●Cartilage ○Cushions and protects bones and is usually translucent & somewhat elastic. It doesn't move much and connect bones. ●Circumduction, ○A movement at a synovial joint in which the distal end of the bone moves in a circle while the proximal end remains relatively stable ○●Dorsiflexion ○Bending the foot in the direction of the dorsum (upper surface) ○Opposite of pointing your toes ●Extension ○Increases angle between bones, opposite of flexion
○Ex: Arm points out ●Flexion ○Decrease in the lange between bones opposite of extension ○Ex: flexing bicep ●Goniometer ○An instrument for measuring angles (as of a joint or the skull) ●hinge joint ○Joint between bones (as at the elbow or knee) that permits motion in only one plane ●hyaline cartilage ○a translucent bluish-white type of cartilage present in the joints, the respiratory tract, and fetus skeletons ○provides smooth surfaces, enabling tissues to move/slide easily over each other, ●Joint ○The area where two bones are attached for the purpose of permitting body parts to move. A joint is usually formed of fibrous connective tissue and cartilage. ●Ligament ○Dense regular connective tissue that attaches bone to bone ●plantar flexion ○Bending the foot in the direction of the plantar surface (sole) ○Ex: Pointing toes ●range of motion ○The range through which a joint can be moved ○Each person has different ranges of movement depending on flexibility of a person's joints. ●Rotation ○Moving a bone around its own axis, with no other movement ●synovial cavity ○The space between the articulating bones of a synovial joint, filled with synovial fluid. Also called a joint cavity. ○
●synovial fluid ○Secretion of synovial membranes that lubricates joints and nourishes articular cartilage ○reduce friction between the articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement. ●synovial joint ○A fully moveable joint in which the synovial (joint) cavity is present between the two articulating bones ○Types and movements -and-movements-flash-cards/ ○●Tendon ○A white fibrous cord of dense regular connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone I can statements: ●I can identify and provide examples of the three classifications of joints ○
