CRJU 3125COMMUNITY BASED CORRECTIONSHanser—Community CorrectionsExam 1: Chapters 1-71. The abolition of parole in the federal system occurred due to which of the following acts?a. The Crime Control Omnibus Act of 1991 b. The Safe Streets Act of 1984c. The Homeland Security Act of 2001d. The Comprehensive Crime Control Act of 19842. Which model of community supervision officer operation is recommended by the text?3. Why is the case of United States v. Birnbaum(1970) important to community corrections?4. Where was the ticket-of-leave system started?5. Who created the “mark” system?a. Cesare Beccariab. Robert Martinsonc. Alexander Maconochied. Sir Walter Croftone. John Augustus6. Sanctuary allowed for which of the following?

7. Who is famous for their determination that with few exceptions, rehabilitative efforts have no appreciable effect on recidivism?8. The first case where recognizance was used is 9. Who is the father of probation?a. Cesare Beccariab. Robert Martinsonc. Alexander Maconochied. Sir Walter Croftone. John Augustus10. When considering high-risk offenders, ISP was shown to ______________________.11. This theory denotes that when individuals cannot obtain success goals (such as money, status,and so forth), they will tend to experience a sense of pressure. 12. Services or functions carried out by a program are referred to as _____________________.

13. The key to __________________ lies in the note that many individuals tend to simultaneously learn to commit crime in one location and this results in crime rates becoming disproportionately high in such areas where criminal behavior is learned as a valued norm.