Ethiopia national-security-policy-and-strategy.pdf - THE...

THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
FOREIGN AFFAIRS AND NATIONAL
SECURITY
POLICY AND STRATEGY
Ministry of Information
Press & Audiovisual Department
November 2002
Addis Ababa
Table of Contents

Page
Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1
Section 1:
Basic Principles
1. The Foundation of Foreign Affairs and National
Security Policy …………………. ........................................................................... 5
1.1 Development and the building of a democratic system as a basis for
policy…………………………… ...................................................... 5
1.2 National pride and prestige as a basis for
policy.. ..…………… ......................................................................... 9
1.3 Globalization as a basis for policy .......................................... …..19
2. Objectives of the Foreign Affairs and National Security Policy ……………... 23
3. The Foreign Affairs and National Security Strategies. ...................................... 25
3.1 Devoting the prime focus to activities at home……… ................ 25
3.2 Strategy centered on the economy ……… ................................... 28
3.3 Full utilization of benefits based on proper analysis .................... 30
3.4 Minimizing threats on the basis of proper analysis ……… ......... 32
3.5 Reducing vulnerability to threats .................................................. 34
3.6 Building a reliable defence capability ……… ............................... 40
a) Capacity building on the basis of a thorough threat
analysis ................................................................. 42

b) Building capacity by focusing on manpower
development …………………… ................................................ 43
c) Cost-effective use of financial resources ..................................... 46
d) Ensuring symibiotic linkage between defence expenditure
and the economy……………………………… ......................... 47
e) Building capacity in the context of economic development
and current threats ………………………………… ................... 48
3.7 Building strong implementation capacity ................................... 49
a) Forging national consensus ......................................................... 50
b) Strengthening the professional diplomatic
capability ................................................................................... 52
c) Coordinating and involving those with
a role in implementation ............................................................. 53
Section 2:
Ethiopia's Relations with Other Countries
1. Countries of the Horn of Africa .......................................................................... 56
1.1 General …………… ................................................................... 56
a) Significance of neighboring countries to the
development of Ethiopia ......................................................... 57
b) Significance of neighboring countries
to the democratization of Ethiopia ……………… ................. 59
c) The impact of Ethiopia's development and democratization
on neighboring countries ...................................................... 60

1.2 Ethiopia's policy towards Eritrea ............................................ 63
a) Significance of the links .................................................. 64
b) The Ruling Group, an obstacle to friendly relations……65
c) Policy direction ............................................................... 69
1.3 Ethiopia's policy towards Somalia .............................................
73
a) Historical background of relations .................................. 73
b) Significance of the relations ............................................ 75
c) Policy direction ................................................................ 77
1.4 Ethiopia's policy towards The Sudan .................................... 82
a) Historical background of Ethio-Sudan Relations……... 82
b) Significance of the Relations ......................................... 86
c) Policy direction .............................................................. 87
1.5 Ethiopia's policy towards Djibouti ....................................... 91
a) Historical background of relations …… ....................... 91
b) Significance of the relations ........................................ 92
c) Problems regarding the relationship .............................. 93
d) Policy direction ............................................................. 96
1.6 Ethiopia's policy towards Kenya ........................................... 99
a) Historical background of the relations ......................... 99
b) Significance of the relations ..................................... 100

c) Problems in the relations ......................................... 102
d) Policy direction ........................................................ 103
1.7 Strengthening the IGAD ............................................. 105
2. Relations With Other African Countries ......................................................... 106
2.1 Historical background of the relations ........................ 106
2.2 Significance of the relations ....................................... 107
2.3 Policy direction ............................................................ 110
3. Relations with Countries of the Middle East .................................................... 111
3.1 General ....................................................................... 111
3.2 Relations with Egypt .................................................. 117
a) Historical background and problems regarding
the relations ............................................................ 117
b) Significance of the relations .................................... 124
c) Policy direction ....................................................... 125
3.3 Relations with Arabian Peninsula Countries