Exam 4 Vocabulary - Chapter 9 Criminal Law and Cyber Crimes Crime a wrong against society proclaimed in a statute and if committed punishable by society

Chapter 9: Criminal Law and Cyber Crimes Crime – a wrong against society proclaimed in a statute and if committed, punishable by society through fines and or imprisonment and in some cases death Double jeopardy – a situation occurring when a person is tried twice for the same criminal offense prohibited by the 5 th amendment to the constitution. Duress – unlawful pressure brought to bear on a person causing the person to perform an act that he or she would not otherwise perform Embezzlement – the fraudulent appropriation of money or other property by a person to whom the money or property has been entrusted. Entrapment – in criminal law, a defense in which the defendant claims that he or she was induced by a public official – usually an undercover agent or police officer – to commit a crime that he or she would otherwise not have committed. Exclusionary rule – in criminal procedure a rule under which any evidence that is obtained in violation of the accused’s constitutional rights guaranteed by the 4 th ,5 th , and 6 th amendments as well as any evidence derived from illegally obtained evidence will not be admissible in court. Felony – a crime such as arson, murder, rape or robbery – that crimes the most severe sanctions, usually ranging from one year in a state or federal prison to the forfeiture of one’s life. Forgery – the fraudulent making or altering of any writing in a way that changes the legal rights and liabilities of another. Grand jury – a group of citizens called to decide after hearing the state’s evidence whether a reasonable basis exists for believing that a crime has been committed and whether a trial ought to be held. Indictment – a charge by a grand jury that a reasonable basis exists for believing that a crime has been committed and that a trial should be held. Information - a formal accusation or complaint issued in certain types of actions by a law officer such as a magistrate Larceny – the wrongful taking and carrying away of another person’s personal property with the intent to permanently deprive the owner of the property. Some states classify larceny as either grand or petit depending on the property’s value.