fair_game_sheet[1] - Neuroscience Cerebrovascular...

Neuroscience
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
A stroke is the rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to a
disturbance in the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. As a result,
the affected area of the brain is unable to function, leading to inability to
move one or more limbs on one side of the body, inability to understand or
formulate speech or inability to see one side of the visual field.
[1]
In the
past, stroke was referred to as cerebrovascular accident or CVA , but the
term "stroke" is now preferred.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
-Device that measures and amplifies slight electrical changes on the scalp that
reflect brain activity.
-EEg uses electrodes on the scalp to record rapid chnages in brain electrical
activity.
-It can measures the brains reaction to lights, sounds, and other events. It
provides little precision about the location of the brain.
This is also used by sleep researchers to distinguish between sleep stages by
recording brain waves with electrode attached to the scalp.
Hindbrain w/functions
-Pons and Medulla their functions are protective reflexes, infant reflexes, orienting
reflex, cardiovascular, digestive, and respiratory reflex.
-Medulla there is the inner cerebellum which deals with balance alcohol destroys
this. There is the outer which is rapid automatic movements, timing of movement
and thoughts.
Midbrain w/functions
Midbrain reticular formation is responsible for general arousal, sleep wake cycles,
pain and perception.
- Superior colliculi is responsible for visual targeting, pursuit eye movements.
-Inferior colliculi is responsible for auditory targeting.
Forebrain w/functions
The forebrain consists of two hemispheres left and right.
Each hemisphere is responsible for sensation and motor control on the opposite
side of the body.
The outer covering know as the cerebral cortex is especially prominent in
humans.
There are four lobes the occipital lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, and frontal
lobe.
-Occipital lobe is at the rear of the head and is specialized for vision. People with
damage to this are have cortical blindness. They have no conscious vision, no
object recognition, and no visual imagery.
-Temporal lobe of each hemisphere, located toward the left and right sides of the
head, is the main area for hearing and some of the complex aspects of vision.
People with damage to this area can no longer recognize faces. People with

damage to another part become motion blind. Although thy can see the size and
shape of an object they cannot track its speed or direction of movement. People
with damage to the auditory parts of the temporal lobe are impaired at recognizing
sequences of sounds. The part of the temporal lobe of the left hemisphere is
important for language comprehension. People with damage to this are have
trouble understanding speech and remembering the names and objects.