Copernicus and Kepler- Explore the heavens
Kepler moves to Prague because he was persecuted as a protestant
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Kepler shared Copernicus’ belief that the earth was moving while the sun stood
still
o
He carefully plotted the orbit of mars, and in doing so, he concluded that
the orbit of the planets were not perfect- elliptical
The planets were affected by a force emanating from the sun
He used observation and mathematics to demonstrate that the
planets were separate from the stars
He believed that the planets had different properties from the stars-
they are fixed, planets are not
o
Took issues with Aristotle’s crystalline spheres did not exist
o
Kepler gives God a hand back into the universe
The hand of god is not required to govern the workings of the
universe- but he created it and set it in motion
The sun is not the center of the universe
•
Catholics didn’t like this
o
He sought to glorify god by demonstrating consistency, harmony and
order
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Sir Francis Bacon- from England, multitalented individual; lawyer, statesman,
philosopher, and he decided to launch an attack on medieval ideas on metaphysics
and science
o
The idea of science as a discipline does not exist until the revolution
o
He helps to detach science from philosophy
Rejected any argument that was based on the authority of the
church or does not have proof
Calls for a total reconstruction of the sciences, arts and all human
knowledge
o
He isn’t known for what he discovered- he is important because he reform
the way we approach things
o
He launches a new way of reasoning
Inductive reasoning
•
Comes from observation and experimentation; then there is
a generalization about it
•
An effort to reveal the truths of the universe through
scientific experiments rather than religion
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Galileo
o
He works in Italy- comes up with new ways about thinking about the
heavens, new types of scientific measurement, and ways of observation
This plays a big role in the scientific revolution- it is a way of
approaching things- not application
Large advances in technology-
•
Telescope
o
Upon learning that a guy had invented a ‘spyglass’ in Holland, Galileo
invented his own
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- Fall '08
- Horton
- Deductive Reasoning, Inductive Reasoning, Isaac Newton, Scientific Revolution, Royal Society, reasoning Inductive reasoning, deductive reasoning Deductive
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