OSHAslide show(1).pptx - Bloodborne Pathogens and the Law...

Bloodborne Pathogens and the Law
U.S. Department of Labor's Occupational
Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has
issued regulations for the employers to protect
employees from occupational exposure to
bloodborne pathogens.
Who needs OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens
Training?
Any employee who is required to handle
human blood or other potentially infectious
materials (OPIMs) or any employee who has
the potential for occupational exposure to
blood or OPIMs needs OSHA bloodborne
pathogens training. Talk with your supervisor
for more information on specific procedures
performed or devices approved for use in your
department.

What are Bloodborne Pathogens?
Microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, or parasites that can enter the human blood stream
causing diseases.
Examples of Bloodborne Pathogens:
Common examples include hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
How do they enter the bloodstream?
These microorganisms may be transmitted when mucous membranes or non-intact skin
(cuts, abrasions, burns)are exposed to human blood or body fluids. Other modes of
transmission include blood splashes, handling contaminated items, needle sticks or cuts
from contaminated sharps.
What are Hepatitis Viruses?
Hepatitis is inflammation (pain and swelling) of the liver. Viruses that cause inflammation
of the liver are called Hepatitis viruses.

What is Hepatitis?
Hepatitis means inflammation, redness,
swelling, and soreness of the liver.
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV):
Hepatitis B is a contagious virus that causes
inflammation of the liver.
How is Hepatitis B spread?
HBV is transmitted by sharing needles, razors,
and toothbrushes. Body fluids, saliva, and
semen that are exchanged during sexual
interactions cause transmission. HBV is also
transmitted from mother to infant during her
pregnancy.

Who is at risk for Hepatitis B?
Intravenous drug users
Sexual contact with partner infected with Hepatitis B
Living with someone with chronic Hepatitis B
Men who have sexual contact with other men
Having oral-anal sexual contact with someone who has
hepatitis B
Traveling to a country with high rates of Hepatitis B
Health-care and public safety workers who have contact with
blood or body fluids or blood-contaminated products
Hemodialysis patients
Birth of a child to a Hepatitis B infected mother

What are the symptoms of Hepatitis B?
Most of the people newly infected with
Hepatitis B do not show any symptoms. Most
common symptoms if present include:
Fever
Fatigue
Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and/or eyes)
Nausea and Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Dark urine
Clay-colored bowel movements
Loss of appetite

How long do Hepatitis B symptoms last?
Symptoms may begin as early as 60 days or up
to 150 days after exposure to HBV. Ninety-five
percent of the adults recover completely from
HBV and do not become chronically infected.