L30_STI.docx - 1 L30 Sexually Transmitted Infections...

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L30: Sexually Transmitted Infections
Outline
A. Overview of recent STI statistics
B. Bacterial STIs
a. Chlamydia trachomatis
b. Neisseria gonorrhea
c. Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
C. Viral STIs
a. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
b. Herpes Simplex Virus l and ll
D. Other
a. Trichomonas vaginalis
Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) newer terminology for Sexually
Transmitted Disease
 Remove stigma of “STD”: many infections are curable and not associated
with significant long-term health consequences when treated.
 All it takes to get an STI is to have sex: vaginal, oral, penile.
 Many infections are asymptomatic and have no signs of disease ( it is an
infection and not a disease!)
 By strict definition STD only refers to SYMPTOMATIC infection with sexually
transmitted organism.
 Both terminologies (STI and STD) are still being utilized.
Statistics
 Rates of many STIs are increasing in the US: cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea
and syphilis have all increased dramatically in past 7 years!
 In 2018, Louisiana is ranked in top 10 US states for rates of:
o Syphilis
o Gonorrhea
o Chlamydia
 Treatment: antibiotics
 Gonnorhea is developing antibiotic resistance!
 UNTREATED: increased spread to others, can cause serious health problems
and increase risk of giving and getting HIV
Expedited Partner Therapy (EPT): permissible in Louisiana
 Method to increase treatment of sex partners of patients diagnosed with STIs
(especially chlamydia and gonorrhea)
 Prescriptions provided to the patient to give to their partner: partner does not
need to be examined by health care provider
BACTERIAL STI

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L30: Sexually Transmitted Infections
Chlamydia trachomatis
 Route of transmission: vaginal, rectal and oral sex, transmission to
newborn during delivery
 Infects genital epithelium of both men and women
o Women most common site of infection: cervix (cervicitis)
o Men most common site of infection: urethra (urethritis)
o Both men and women: other sites of infection - epithelial cells of
conjunctiva, rectum, pharynx
 Most cases are ASYMPTOMATIC and therefore can be unknowingly
spread (“silent” infection)
Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhea)
 Routes of Transmission: vaginal, rectal and oral sex, mom to newborn during
delivery
 Infection usually asymptomatic in women (95%), usually symptomatic in
men.
o Symptoms appear within first two weeks after infection
 Men most common site of infection: urethra (urethritis): symptoms
o Purulent penile discharge
o Painful and increased frequency urination
o Can lead to epididymitis: testicular/scrotal pain
 Women most common site of infection: cervix (cervicitis)
 Both men and women: may have infection at non genital sites: eyes, rectum,
throat, mouth
 Untreated gonorrhea can spread to bloodstream: disseminated gonococcal
infection (DGI)
Syphilis: Treponema Pallidum (T. Pallidum)
Symptomatic : Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in
Women
 In those with symptoms: appear within
first two weeks after infection
 Cervicitis:
o Mucopurulent (mucus + pus)
endocervical discharge
o Cervix bleeds easily with probing
