This preview shows
page 1. Sign up
to
Unformatted text preview: n @ a l dD F T B [email protected]Vm¨5XW y EDSk I j 6 a TD 6 4 ß 4 F T W g B @d W l 4 T @ W edDg T 4 g B 8 6Ü e4g Û y PG à57r X¾ 7ÞX!5ED5E2hu%7Þ7C4Xh5h7¤Ý[email protected]Å{hXEWB ¯ 'Úx wÙ w ¥ £ ¤ Ñq x Î Øq u ht Ñq Ö1 t £ q Ö1 1 ¾ t × Ê Ê ÐÕ Ô[email protected]EWd7 @W I 8 4 d 4 @ T W d WB 4 @ F W g @ @ e¶ÁeÀ5D#X¼[email protected] y ¼¶ÓASk 'hXhEgXHuÀ7C8bHÁÁGs y D @ ÑD Ð0 W B d B W W 6 D s F T s @ Ê Î °E2s¨«t7X x Ò 1 F FT TAÉ9XW Î ET[email protected]%frCI7955ÅX¢7c Î EBXhX¨ @ dWD B g 6dD B T4 8DD U TW2 D BW 6g d4 Ï Ê Î `X x !È q Hs
Ì y Î !¢ Í ~f y y w vp fx q x s ¡o s wv q p t à FTW Æ TDD ˶AgH5 T v fD s G B i s T W D s D G Ê B 1 F È AÉ D c 1 pED7X¡pr¸fED3« pV°t P¾ P r4È [email protected] v g7C4hhg8 y hhgETX7Eaml ªÃ ² 1 q º °t y Æ Æ ² y Æ 1 T @g Dd D D e4 GW D s i @ii B t c q º ½ XDX°Àrg `hAET!`7XVX¼5¢5C2AH d hC5'C4e c 6 W d ¹ s d W D D s @ T D s c F T a 4 d i U 2 W G D e W 4 d @ 6 D s 4 I @2 BD g `shRsÄGÇFX¤5ET7ÅfCe55Äg°E2¨9u7E4f5CdRÄ0¼5D b 2 ¹ d W D D D Æ T W c g @ 4 8 d D @ D 2 D d D s s @ s W Tv @ 2 D @ F D s D G à  ÁIuÀ@96E6g¨E4CB7¿¤t ¾ ' b5AVc º ½ ¼R q As Eg¡9X°e¨5HXpA B D W F D @ B 4 1 T D s » º @ D 6 W d g D d T W D 6 D s ET!F5VhX6¸XhIXfA5Dpg ¹(XX¬¸A·V¶VXCd`c fAu°µXA¨ G @ Dd agWD gW idD T T44 s 8 D s W s 4 T U I FWD BW D dD 8W s2 64d ³²¦ ¦ ¤ x V£ q 5¥ ¦ £ 9
± q v ´ ®q ru¬EghhCh5ET9h«c Eiª©7e W @ UWD 8 I @g TD @ D s DDg D @ ¨ 64d s yx ¢ §¦ ¥ ¤ y x y | '£ £ 1 q w w ` ¡o qp t1 4 pgFT74gDhdX452bs°[email protected]¨«c
¯ 8d s ¢ w t c X 5 ~ h ph
y v s p q w vAx s p(q w q po t yx 1 ~Aw s Aw s ~ z s }| tu
S1 q q zy {fx wvus q p VuVtro W n @ a l dD F T B k I [email protected]Vm¨fAXW y CDSHP jG sd hW x ETVhgf7eXE4EWAS¢fE2rE2h7¤9707E4XhfhG
'x i @ e 4 W 6 4 d T @ @ F W d D e W 4 d @ @ 6g 4 4 T @ W e d D g y w bv tD Td4 s q @ i IG FD @ eDd c a Y @WU @ Q IG F @ 8 642 uX¢rC8pRPH5hEgVf`b`XXVETSRPH5EDCBA97531 ) & § $ " ¡ ¡© § ¥£ ¡ 0('#%#!¤¨¦¤¢ v `7As q ¨fEDB £ q %# &$¢
§ 'z 'z !"q ! 0q p § § p p p p %# &$¢ p z "q ! § p§ %# )(¢ p £ q § § 'z "q § § ! %# &(¢ %# &$¢ § z ! "q § gas ' ¥ £ q § § z ¦q § § z ¥ g TD @d D G TW T D e4g XW 5hC¸`RX2 PRhXEWB Û ' D s g a s
§ £¤¢ z ¢ q
§ ¨z ¢ ¤ «
£z ¤¢ ¢ ¼ £ q
¥ ¥ | x
Î £q Ò
§ £ ©¢ £ ©¢ §¢ £ ¤¢ ¢ ¥ ¥ ¦q PW 1 t y Dd a @ W '¤x ¡ XEi˨
0 0.5 1.5 0 1 2 3 I (10−15erg/cm2) 2.5 3.5 4.5 1 2 3 4 x=hν/kT0
4 5 6 7 8 ν 1 q t 31 ws ws Sw ¯ q ¢y ! ׯ q R ~ ws × z I% ×¾ ×P P ¢ y Q! 7Ñq ¢ y 7¾ Q! q I G T D @ i @ I @ g T D F ~ d D G1 6 a T D s 'RÁe7¨CgHÁh#frP¡A¢q 1 ~ ~ H 6 F 1 d4 4 16 7 1 3 d£ X 7 7 q P¿4 ED4 t 3 1 I4 1 6 G3 X¿ T @ 2 T a 8 Dg I G 7E4f¿HfRPt 1 3 1 ¼[email protected] y AuHX¸ DW 4d 8 8W TW2 D 4 Á[email protected]¸A @ B Ds y P¤%x V7Ei˨ Dd a @
0 me ∼ µ ¥ ~ P [email protected]¡hgPc 4 [email protected] 4 £ 7À5'47t 1 3 1 g 6 4d g D~ i DfA¨Å7T E475pA7E4ÁhX°[email protected]79CF¨¢¢q dD s @iDd 9 T @ @g TWd9 D s 4 s @ D s 77
Ci˨¡UÁ[email protected]gVUX4PE4B¤t 1 3 1 Á@[email protected]gEsHÜ P 8!4 1 @ D W d D T D i D F @ g @ DB @T 4 6 Cp°fA575¨Eg¨XW 5 ~ ) & 0# ( ! 1 y4 Ò y q y 2² 0Ò '% $" q 3 gW i T4d2 BD 4 dD G 6 a T T @W 8 a22 TWD XH7hfCD7#5rPH7E4uV5P4 Xh n @ a [email protected]Vml dD F T B k I j TDi4d F I DWdD TDi T4d2 fXW y EDSÓPG ·577VV#§°fXD ß 7hfCDB x X¿¶°7Ó7E4AP !P x d 4 D W 4 T @ W a x y w
¥ ¥ £ q » ©Ò
¥ q ¥ Ò
¥ (q ¨ s x
¼X ¢ § ½
² q « ¦
¥ ¥ q¢ ¤ q¢ £ q£ ¢ ¢
¥ Ò c D 6 W d T D d XX°ep¡4 Â W Ü `¿1 T tG η 1 ~kT ~ E w s fx y v 7As ¢ q ¤
1 ¢ w P 1 ! P q u5 u × t5 H3 y x w4v p s X x v ¢ P 2! Ê ¢ « u y 0! q v ¢ "¢ X x o ! {( 1 Ê×) # Ê p q Ê v# @ g as P[email protected] y A'55(X°X¸RASk ¢ $¢ X x "¢ Ñq
¢ 1 3 ¢ t ¤ Ei˨ a & IidD TD BW4 D s F T Ê ! po D D g 1 @ %à d 4 2 D e @ T a F T a 4 d F D d D T D # B i T W B 4 g D s 4 T a g D s ! T D 5h3SCgr¥Xf7mC¼AXW 5fP552 $¢ EDXAÄ[email protected]¨p[email protected] h¨74 "¢ 6 ß CDÅ3Vh9rPrÁ5rfPepC¡fÅC6¸C¡f¶XfA59¢q PW 1 B D D 2 W d ag D s I G F D @ 6 6 D I 2 T D a D d @ T a d D 8 D @ @ T a d D 8 I i d D T D D s t dDFT B k I j 2 fXW y EDSÑ'G Ýf5D x h75d Dg a4 s TDD
5 Ds ¢q n @ a [email protected]Vml s d D s 4 i @ W D d WB 4 y hW x Ap7ÇETuS À7P ´ ' x w © w s Ð t `31 4u × q 4 § § § F© P gas g gW2 4 G d g d8 T d © P¢q hDXHsX[email protected] Ð 4 EF q % § DVhahg5DH74X4l uÐ 7 F t `31 ² E7 Å H § ¯ `31 ² 8F Å t © y ¤ «¥ s q `31 ¦ t Ò y È ©s © É D W W 6D W i wF AsT pÅC2@¼5sh¼[email protected] y ¨ t t ¨ ¢ ¤uÒ ¨ ¢ ! ¯ q `31 Ì ² `31 4u × q y¨ È ws 4 t q ¨
3 1 0¨ Ò ¢ u ¨ ¢ ! 4u × ¯ q y4 Ò y ws u ¥ 1 z ¦ u ! × × ¯ q ¢ 3 P ! 7¾ q 4 § ¢ R% x D Va g g D d 8 ¹ T d 2 m D d a g g D d 8 4 T d a ¦ d w s hh¢g `7w4 hsfCDB Vhh9RV 4 4 q ² w t 4 1 q Sw q % ¢ Ð ¢ S % ׯ % ׯ gas AP¢q E2CgVCeEWd @ @ @ BD ß T74[email protected]Drg7Xd8 D %c % F8F S SAsÝFCV8%c % ¢ w s EF 4 ¥hÝXgÜ F 6 d T44 @ W FD @ e4d ¢ gDgW2 s4 G T Ð4 x
¢ t ¸x 5 Î
3
&½ 1 4 7E7 S ² Su × Ð4 S ² x H t px
5
3 ¢ Î «3w 1 s 4 FEF ¼ 4 z y1 ! × ¢ y y4 Òy × ¯ q ¢ 3 P ! 7¾ q 4 ¢ R% w s Sw EDCB¨ % × ¯ @s q % q % ¤hgÄC2EgVeÁÀ5dV74T 974l 4 ¢ % ¢ q £Ch5AbXfD A¢q ¢ 4 @ @ @ WB D T D d W g T 4 d ¢ [email protected] g T D F I i d D T D s y4 «1 64 ¡q S fA¨ DdD s
Ò 5 13 4 13 4 4 13 0£ 1X¯ q y ¦ %$} g a BD BD @ FD 6 @ # # ¦ CgEB5RÁIEW9E6¡ 4 ¨ "§
¢ # Ê BX5ÑET05A¢q y £ 4 ( × q $¢ X x y £ W 6dD s @ TD s u FD Gd4g GW @ s £ × 5`hhuÅEDCBA¨c y !X¾ q 4 ©§
¢ ¨ ¦ 13 y G ´ 'mx ¾ V7Ci˨ Dd a @ 5£ q ¢q ¤ )©§¦
%$¢ } ¢ (RACa@[email protected]P D ¨ ¤ c 6 d @a ' & y ) ' ¢ " # # dD 4 ¢ ( q ¨ "¦
¢ ¢ ¤ 5`8 ¤ dD 4 8 F @FW d @ ¨ DD 1 t ¥5¶5DÀWX#¢t Ciˬ5P ¡321
¢
θ0 R u 5 ¡q 4 ( y 5£ £ gas P¢q 5 ¡q « Å5h¡c ¾ Eiªt7A¨ Ê DDg D @ ¨ 64d u5 Ê y q v ¢ o ! Ê ¢ X x « u ¢ ! q v ¢ $¢ X x o ! q 4 ( p # Ê p Ê Ê × ¾ @ ¨ DD 1t G I G TD @i @ sdWD D s i @ @dd a D s c Bd @ @ PH5CeX¨EgHhpAuW ET'CehW y A& A7CIEWEBC6P t Eiª¡5P f`¿1
y W ´ '¤x XEi˨ Dd a @
dA yxw s × q u § ¶ s Ì ² u 5 ¡Þ( q u F T É D g as AA¸Pc × Eg(X°X5ETp¡A«7pACaXXpA¢q @ BWdiD @ De4 GW D s 4 D BWe D s ^ z θ r ^ n Sun x
t fV ½ ¬¿ f s ¤
1 o
p q Ë% à 1 o hfCe¬h} A7E4}@ u° & w X ETÀEhw X EDAX4 XXA7E4u°CV°¡%g XfA t p D g d D @ T a §I¢ W T W g W £ v @ g @ s g v f B 8 8 F T W B W T @ W @ e W d i 4 T ¹ D d D s d ¦}d ¢W p o q D2 @g F T 5EThÑSk 4 ©¨ ¥ 4 t p gD @i TD s T @W a D e4gW Ë% à 1 o 5Áe7Ñ7E4u hXÀB Û ¨ ¤¨ 7E4fÁd¨AHCT#°¡97h¡5h(EBCB¨¨fh5hAXphg T @ 2 D @ F W s @ d W g D 6 4 g D D g @ d D e d D g G 4 D s 4 D @ F TW D2W 8g @ D @ T É @ D G g a 6 @ cW & D G 4 FD 6 aggW @ DgdD @ T a D s D2 @ 9E6hXCT9CACT9p¬¡Á(¥Ä5hhX¡CghfCe9ÅCT' y X°%g f`ÁGB ± XEi˨ 4 FWdW l ¹dD Dd a @ ´ q t ± CiËpP 1 % à @ ¨ DD T74Ef2DÁ[email protected]FÅIhuW°hC@AhW6Xhghg7P4A°29X9h¢D¬74`g¢D7hËm57h5hAXÅX5XÀml @ d d G d D 4 D 4 s F T W s d W D s T 4 8 6 4 g W d D e d D g G 4 T W D 2 WB y n @ a l D T B I D 2 W T a ¨ WB 4 T 4 F W d W l ¹ d D [email protected]Vm¨dfAFXW y DCSkHPG jÄ5XAdV¨dÀX' FXW y X°u%g fCGB £ '¤x %$} 0 gA7eC7¡ 4 #¨ ) ¦
¢ 1 3 ¢ ¤ q 4 ¨ ¦
¢ 1 3 ¢ ¤ a gD @i # Dg a4 s TDD 4 D tD h7A55d 5 Ha 31 TD s F TW ÇXc u y £ 7¾ ×»
¡
4 13 0 q
CDEB¨c @s
4 c q ¨ §¦
¢ ¢ ¤ f5D2 x 5 £ ! È 5 y¦
13 q
4 ( y £ ×t ! ¨ 1 q Di D gas D 6 g D g @W 6 ¨ %$} f7¡P¢q XWpsETXDd ©¦
¢ ¢ ¤ #¨ "§¦
¢ ¢ ¤ 75XÄ4ET·k 5`ÁGX¬°Wrª¢3F1 # cTa422W @ 4FD BW DU D Ü t
13 4 y 2 ´ 'mx ¤ Dd a @ XEi˨ Earth θ θ ^ n ∗
'p(CBXSXE6X#f4 X¨[email protected] I Ug D s BW g4 BW dD e FWDd 8g D i W @ D s W s 4 T a g D s 4 D i W @ D s g D i d B T D @ W s @ g T B D s 4 2u D D s XX¼E6puÅhg hp7p7X¼C6p57EWA5CAEg5EDp«7¨f5D pA¢q 5 q Cg¨X¡«7pV°f`Ÿ ACa[email protected]P ¨u¼P Þ( q @ 4 8g D s 4 Dd aWdD 8 6D D s 6 @d @ a D W 4 5 FTÉ D gas AŸP¢q P × Ê £ fCg5vApfAVÅED7¨¬pfp7C6XpEg9ED7XW DdD s 8 @ 6D s dD 8 8 a B 4 s D s dD e4 g 4 BW @ B i T # Ê p q a IidD TD D s F T [email protected]ÄÅfgXE4°X5ETÄ f¨%c ¢ $¢ X x o & ©( y A& X55ÄÝASk B4g D s dD e4 T @WdiD @ D s DdD s w 3 v p ys x ro qp T ag D s hpA74 D 2 W d ag D s W g W D 6 W g D s p I @g T D @ 2 @ 2 D 8g D s c F D g a 2 4 D d W g I W d D s D d D s 5X¿h¤S9X[email protected] o ÁhETACÉ5¨`5hA5'e¤V°¢fA¨ F 4 8g D s g I W d ¹ T ag D s g a 2 4 4 XS¢k V°g (hS¤5'¿¬ EF XCDX'e`CBX¼hÄAW 5fXEWAF s i T B B W 2 4 B W 6 g F T d D D 6 @ D 2 W T d a ¨ d WB 4 5XAV¨À7P Dd a @ V7Eiª¨ D i d WB 4 g T B W D g a T W D XÀS7¼5ED¶h2 bY t CiËHh35XAe ÀXhg V7ÇCUX°g 5CD4 ¦ @ ¨ D D g1 D 2 W T d a d WB 4 a 4 G W B W ¹ B 5X3Vh¨ÀCBRPH5f5RCICBXA5X¨EgRP#V7ªX4 XE4fX°e(EB¼hW g D 2 W d ag d W B D g I G F D d D e 4 2 B W a 2 W @ I Ug d a 4 T @ 2 W d B W 6 g CI7¨AX¨Eg¢q [email protected] y ÀX¨X¨u°rX¡h¡PCT7A 775¨V74 B T 4 W s g T W D 6 @ s g WB W i d 4 g d W g D d 4 6 4 T D D g D c @ 4 8 W s F T 4 I D G a U4 B D TDs X'E40Y t B eChA5RrW ÓEF7¡u[email protected] V7¬¢hfCeA @ sg FDd W 1 B4 gdWD I T @ a4 GW gW DgdD @ T a D s T D s F D 6 d 4 g d É g d W g D s t D @ D B D @ T É g W s F T 1 i @ F T W D @ d D s W d a ¨5Xe¡pu°¢q uE6f¿C[email protected]CApXW bETX8 y ¡Cgp5°pVG IhA7C4°pXSEg9hfÁeA¬¬hA5rCDe 7eÄET5G Ð 7ÀrfA¬u9ÝY d W T @ W g 4 T @ D g d D @ T a D s D g a W 2 D G F @ d 6 4 d i @ D 6 4 d F D 2 D 4 d 8 D d W D 0 u £ 0 q `EBCB¨pVW D G @ Dd a ß 5D95¨X¿Vh¤Á¬h'c u Ð {( ACa[email protected]P X¼frET#X2 h#¼Y q d 8 6D D2W d ag g @ 4g 6 @d @ a D BW 6dD s 4 @ D 64 sdWD D s TD s 0 u £ Ð } ¨ } ¨ 4 $ Ñ A9hHh¨CgARCT¡AET7(EBCB¨°fhX¡A¢q W s 4g c 6 ag @ s @ DW @ 6 4 F @ gdWg dD4 s D s °g dW s @ s Dd W D 6D D s ß ¸D«74¸Va°df89S[email protected] W d g B @e D BW dDe4 @ T W 6 6 g D ¦F X'T g°W[email protected]'¸sEBX¨f¢EgH7E4@u¼ha¸As u © q 7 u } q u s Ì ² u ¡q ¨ ¨ F § v# ¥£ ¦¤¢ w ¡v p yfx x v q s Ê× Ê xp ÊX ¢ P 1 ! Ê ¢ « y ) ! q ¢ $¢ X o ! Þ( y D Dg1 @ d D ed Dg G 4 D s I G F D @ D 2 D a & I id D T D D s t ´ '¤x 5h3¬Eg¨fhfhAX¡ÄPH5Áe5d y A'55¡A¢q i @ i W d D e W D s 6 4 d g D 6 4 CT7X°fR 7ÀÅ972 ¾ ¿1 ¾ fX¨79X°759hCD7E4h5E6r9CgØ1 D s dD Fd4 4 TWg T 42 gg B T @g TD @ F W @ DdD s f¨`c & Î t ³ «3B Cgpe5EDÅ y & rX«c & Î t £ 2B Egp7Ei¬ y A& A¢q 11 @ B D s 4 a D s F T W 11 @ s @d D s 4 a D s ³ u¸5e X9HPR°d sW 8 DDd TWD 6 W IG FDW ß fh¸55ÀÄr555r57XA2 y SCDC2hpfEFh7¤ [email protected] y W ¨ 7E4XÅÄ W 8 D g g d D I WB 4 T D D D G F D i T W s D g B @ d W 8 d D @ g T 4 Ds iT BW DG 4 T @ FWdi I @g TD F D s D UW ¹ B c D D s @ D T4 F @ W s 4 d @ @ CDA°X¼Ch5#°g fED y ¨¼CT#7¤Cg¤A¨¡¤EWEBC6P t ¯ Ei˨h31 F @ ¨ DDg
(F 0EF CI5XA`c )8F BD 6WT ( F ß a A¡¨ @ F D s d4 B & ' B $ % # u P # ³ A¡¬Å`X°V5XhÁIuXhX¬Äh7C4¼[email protected] y !7E4hg D e W s g a 6 D c D W d a 2 2 W B G W T 4 g W D d D G 4 T @ W 4 d 8 8 W T @ z Î z ³ CgED5E2h9¤7!9Àb¢q 2 @ B @ d W 8 D s 4 s W 8 D D d T W D 6 D s t [email protected] f[email protected]¡ApEa57p' 1 6dD T @ B42 D s W s D F B2 T42 D g a s ± # $¢ |
y t uHÖ1 ¤ × q û Ã Ò tà ËÕ Ö1 ¢ A à z #t "¢ ªÃ "# ¢ ÖÃ1 ¢ ! z q |
x
q
" g a s F T W B W d i D @ Dz s 4 a 4 @ D U W T W 2 D c 6 a T D 6 4 PHXc X°X5ET p7¨V7¨Á¡u°H¡ARA576 D s 4 T @2D @ F D s TD F TD 8D F @ ¨7XE4fÁdAH¨74 5A55ET[email protected] D2 @ Dd aWdD 8 6D ¹gdDTD2 i @dD ETP V°f`Å%5f5!ACT5 ß h¡W 5 [email protected]¼fCgR55C@ X¶55 7X°¢EgH7E4f5CdC(z 5fhhg W 2 g D s F D B W 6 d D s @ I i d D T D g F T W F D @ 6 4 F T W d @ T @ 2 D @ F g @ c F D d D W 2 g5XiÅED5E2h¼!5¨¸AÅ9Ahh¬hXªX°ETÅ79[email protected] D B @dW 8 W TD s W s D 6 aggW D Dg aW2D G BWdiD @ De4 GW D s Dg a D hÅÝY # t ²
z ËÕ"# ¢ ÖÃ1 ¢ ! $¢ ² à %!² 31 tà I TD @i PGH5Áe7¨[email protected] 5[email protected] ß ETfhh¡HXA°9E6C¨f`ÄC[email protected]X9ACT5 6 d D i @ d D Wz 2 g D s F T W c t D @ @ T a d D 8 I @ G W G 4 d 8 i @ d D ß Whg¬Ds#gXW ACT5hfET31 u P¶5Ce7#Egf#V74 ß ETfhh¬rfA¨ 2 i @Dd 8dD @ I G TD @i @ 6dD a i @dDW2g D s DdD s $ } $ ©© ¢ | |
!
fx Ò
½
fx q
z ¢
c D D s 4 1 T D 4 dW @ @ y ¸7¤t ± 7 P Ý ÀCBE6P G $ } $ ©© £ q ¢
z ¢ ! ½ s
£ ¢ × y w t u 1 z! ¢
½ 9 H ¬ ¦ x ² q ¢ £ £ x ¥ ! q ¤¢ y % z £
¢ ¦ q ¤¢ ! $ } $ ©© z z
¢ £ ¢ t £ 1 ! q ¢ z ¢ ! ¢ § ¨ ¢ ¦ ¢ ¢ X ¤¢ hAg fEB W ¥ D4 TD F 4 £ Dg a ¹D na [email protected] @ Q I j T @ VbXXCTSHPG g7E4 ß [email protected] y #¶9 E6¢q ß [email protected]¤'9 ET!5VÅ7¤9CD¼¢'¤ÇXE4ha @ 7 'Äx W 4d 8 8 k D @ T @ B4 D s @ FD a 8 64 T @2 ¡D 4 T @g y w ' ( ! % $# " ¤& ¥¤ ¢ ¢ ¤ £ ¡¡ ¡ ¡ ¤ ¤ ¥¤ ©¨ ¡ £ ¡ ¦ ¤ ¡ ¢¢ ¤ § ¥¤¡ ¢¢ ¥¤ ¢ ¡¢£ ¡ y w P × t 1 y ! y q s Ì % # Ptq )(¢ ¥ f y % y w t P 1 y × s %# q &(¢ y % ¥ ! q ¥ Ì ¥ q ¦z F T É D c i dW 8 @ a FD Ud4 d 4 T @gg Dd D D s i @ X¿H7E4hh5z 8 y pCThg £ CT¡E2AXhXhCg¨[email protected] @ @ 84d4 @ z A¸AV ¨hHET¨V74 5hX¦ z DhXG gaW2D 4 gD a @d T4 ¨5AÁGhPX2 ÁIAT S & q [email protected] y A& ED5E2hr¢q s B a B @dW 8 D s B ¢ % B U°s9#Sk u¨hp5h31 EF F t2 dW 8 DDg B c 2D 2 W g t P ¬57¡V˪7¨u 7eRCI7h972 1 D i D c 4 W z s 6 4 d B 4 g g D 6 4 D2TD TD D 5F5`8fF ÁruRACTX!XSt g @ W s i @4 T F TW TD @ TD @ 4 6d 4 D s i @ X©¿HEThg ' 1 P!ETÁe7i ¥ ¦z z ¥ q | s | x | s s Î
¢ ¥
¥
¦ z q ¦ z ¥ Ò z ¥ ¦ D iz D c Tz @ B g D W g I F W D f7pA `7E4VCa7hz4 p°RVXg q iCT5EFhg752HdW D9A[email protected]XX¤°t ± 1 4 @dD @ T4 D Ws i 4T FTW c i @ii B CT77Eaml i ' Ó[email protected] Ò t ± ' 1 P D T $ } $ ©© D D f7i¬c ¥ TD T TW 6 B4 D s s @ @ s i @ @ G 64 q q PhX¡Á7¢ A ¢ C¨#EgÄETETAr7¤ £ q c W8 2 FÉ D d4 % ² % q ¢ 9 EDB5E2@hd«[email protected]aA X9 s#X¨ % % Ò ¢ Ò q ¥
¥ ½ s
£ q t 1 ¨ P» ¨ Ò s ¨ q Î ¸¥ Ì £ q » ©Ò
¥ ¨ g F W D d @ W e d D g T 4 2 B @ d W 8 WB D s w XH7³T C4& Xh5h75¡CDC2h74 5À¡¢q D DDg D c [email protected] & £ 1 B Î 1 B 5hpAË ¨ q C¨ 1 Î t «1 q EgrACT97¤ @ s i @dW 8 64
§ ³ &1 f B ³ 1 Î q & Î t «1 § t [email protected] s [email protected] d D s 4 a D T D s C¢7C¨r y A& 5#A¢q # "¢ y ) ''¢ ¢ & "¢ X x y ) ''¢ ¢ & ¦y # Ê
z= λ n (λ) v v Dd a @ y 7 '¤x ¯ XEi˨
z=0 n(0) }} ¥ t 3 1 3~ ¦ q ~3 ¥ t 31 gD 642D G T @W aD D s 5755`R7C4AP¡A¢q z ¢ th
¢ 3 ¢ t 3 1 ¤P°AX%ASP¢9 EW¡XE4Xh5h75fr'X¤7«5ACFh¡`ËEFVÁ[email protected] 1 TWg T42 D s I G B T @WedDg T 42 dD G 6 a T9 D s 4 gD @g s4 G D @ z ¦}¦¦ z ~ ¢ t t 31 y w 3t 31 z q h
¢ 3 ¢ t 3 1 z 1 } w t 31 y 3t 31
¢ 3 ¢t 31 ¦ g 3 Xf¨u#AHXW 3 XfA5¨¼9 y A& 8R559C4°¸ApAfD IidD TD W W s F T I idD TD W a 9 D s TDD D G @ Wd D s D T É XW D ßT4T Dd D ¨ s ¥7± q y 3 XW Î q ¦ 3 55G XE475XfXE2Á5# ET4 [email protected] 57Eg@D ET #fAÝY FT TDD D T @ iDd I idD TD B W @ @d2 D s F D D f @ D d SD gd W C[email protected] y ¡5A5fAF @ B D D2 TDFTD 8D ß @ s D U W 6 ¹ D i @ B 4 D s @ F T W p3 EgÄu¼EBB XrACT¨E4CB7¿ÄgETgAmc 3 7gA55gXG ² } X°fA57ÇÜ T4 F TD 8D F s4 BWdD TDi T hEgXXe g s pR7tfpP¸°RVX#5EFh75pÝY gDs @TW B D s T 4 6 d D g d É D s g a s D W g I F W D g d D @ g T 4 2 ¤ D £w ¢y I G T @ 8d4g G D s 4 i @ F T 4 8gDdd42 6dD U @g W P7E4hXhAW h!ET7hÕ59 VEThX9 ¼[email protected] g s HÇ7Õ5RA¢q d D s T4 6dD D s z
¢ z 3¥
¥ ¨ ht
² 3 1 q 3 ¢ ¥ Ò z ¥ 3 z t² d 4 T @ W ed Dg T 4 2 d D G 6 a T i @ B 4 D s F T É D g a s ¿9 EWB 7C4z 7hfh75#f`¡AP79 ET¨C4EB7e¡HAp'¢q h
3 1 h
¢ 3 ¢ h
² 3 1 !'R5CeX¨Eg¡5Xg ß XfHET9 y A& 8pX4 ¦ t t 1 I G TD @i @ D2W 8 IidD TD @ a 9 D s D }}
¢ 3 ¦ 3 © q 3 ¢ ¨ IG TD @i @ cD2W 8 IidD T PH7Ce7EgA75Xg ß XfD ET9 Á'C47X9 g `7hVH D ¤`¨!ACT¨E4h¨7H°ÄuÇR9'¢q @ I @2 BDe ¹ T4d aD T D s @ c T 4 F i @ Bg 4 DWd D s W s F T É D g a s
¢ ¶ s ¶X § ½ x
r s p ! s Ì
¦
0Ò ! ! s ² Ò q
Ì 3 § Þ3 ¢ ¦q yt ! ! 1 ¤ ¦ g @ B a g D d D s F T W g a d 4 g @ s g D 4 F T a B F T W D T 4 g g W 4 Û fAu¤ dD 8W s E¨ÁAh5¸ARA#¨X¿E5'F EF x Xr7hÀB 5 X¤Ü X°À9hX¼6 ß 74 ß fP55ÄgCTRC2AXhXhEgÅCgg7E4fhÅhX5hCT5hhĬAÅfX3 D 6 W d g g W d D T D 2 D s @ @ 8 4 d 4 @ @ T @ 2 D g g g 4 d 2 i @ d D W 2 g D s W s 2 W D s i @g a B i T W B 4 × D s d D e 4 D i W d D e W F T W c D 6 W d G B D s 4 U 2 W 6 d 4 g T W d ETh¡ED7X¶[email protected] 7¾ #f¡XX°57rX7°e¶EW¡RXG X¿hX°h TD s cg B @dW D s 4 g @ @2 BD e BW T É D s Di cD 6Wd ggW dD TD2 D s 4 4 5CDC2h8 ¸X¼CDC5'E45¨XAAHA¼5XXX°À hX¼6 ß X4 ß 55¶!b7i gd É TW2 D !XbY ETfhh!°X¶ETVr9f55¼!} Ar¬ 4 ¦ i @ d D W 2 g s 2 W D i @ d a F T D 6 D d 2 D F I i d D T D D s F T } É g a 6 D D 3 @ ad T «f d i f 4 @...
View
Full Document
- Spring '09
- Physics
-
Click to edit the document details
