Chapter 6
Bone Tissue and Skeletal System
By Touran Zarrabi
Functions of bone
Functions of bone
Support
- structural
framework of the
body
Supports soft tissues,
provides attachment
points
Protection
of critical
soft organs of the
body
Cranium protects
brain; rib cage
protects heart, lungs
Aids in movement
(origins and insertions
for muscles)
Mineral homeostasis
Storing minerals such
as Ca
2+
and Mg
2+
Hematopoiesis
–
production of blood
formed elements
Triglyceride storage
in
yellow bone marrow
Bone marrow
Bone marrow
Red bone marrow
consists of
hematopoietic stem cells
bone matrix, fibers, etc.
HSCs differentiate into
any
type of formed
element
Found in the pelvis, ribs,
skull, long bones, etc.
With aging, red bone
marrow turns to yellow
Yellow bone marrow
is
mainly adipocytes
Most bone marrow in
older adults is yellow
Serves as energy reserve
Red & yellow bone marrow
Classification based on shape
Types of bones
Long bone structure
Diaphysis of tibia
Epiphyseal plate
Epiphysis of tibia
Structure of long bones
•
Periosteum
– outer bone covering of DWFCT
•
Blood & nerve supply; tendon/ligament attachment
•
Fibroblasts; collagen and elastin fibers
•
Perforating fibers
enter bone matrix for strong bond
•
Medullary cavity
– hollow space within the diaphysis
•
Yellow marrow is stored here
•
Endosteum
– inner membrane; lines medullary cavity
•
Blood vessels, osteoblasts, fibers
•
Bone repair & remodeling occur here
Practice questionA fracture (bone break) occurs in the exact middle of a long bone. The part of the bone affected is:
