Chpaters_3-4-5_SS10_stud - Chapter 3 4 and 5 Functions...

Click to edit Master subtitle style
Chapter 3, 4, and 5
Stress – Modifiers
Health
Stress
Modifiers
Functions
Sources
Assessme
nt
Social
Suppor
t
Personalit
y
Stress
Reduction
Interventio
ns
Coping
Physiolog
y

Adages
 “That which does not kill us, makes us
stronger”
 “God” does not give people more than they
can handle”

Click to edit Master subtitle style
Defining Stress
Sources?
Functions?

Sources
of stress?
Developme
nt

Sources of
Stress
The Good
Get
married
Have
children
Buy a
new
home
Go on
vacation
The Bad
Break a
leg
Spouse
loses
job
Kid in
The Ugly
Nasty car
accident
Bankruptc
y
Obj100
Obj101
Obj102

Obj103
Obj104
Obj105
Obj106
Obj107
Obj108
Obj109
Obj110
Obj111
Obj112
Obj113
Who
Experiences

Types of
Stressors
Obj114
Obj115
Obj116
Obj117
Emotion
al
Environ
mental
Injury
Physical
Illness
Obj118
Obj119
Career
Pressures
Obj120

Approaches to Stress
 Stressor

Stimulus
 Distress, Strain

Response
 Coping

Stress

“ Stress is any event in which environmental or
internal demands (or both) tax or exceed the
adaptive resources of an individual.” (Lazarus &
Launier, 1978).

“Circumstances in which transactions lead a
person to perceive a discrepancy between the
physical or psychological demands of a
situation and the resources of his or her
biological, psychological or social systems
(Lazarus & Folkman, 1984b)

Click to edit Master subtitle style
Stress Response

A bit of stress is good
Yerkes-Dodson law

Too much stress is not
good...
 Selye (1950s)

Role of neuroendocrine
factors in the role of disease
 Animal model
1.
Alarm reaction

Fight of Flight
2.
Resistance

Diseases of adaptation
3.
Exhaustion

Weakened immunity

Walter Cannon (1932)
“Fight or Flight”
 In the face of Stress

Fight or flight
response

Protective/adaptive/
hardwired response

Stress Response in Humans
 Endocrine system regulates the secretion of
hormones in the blood stream
 Hormonal secretion regulate reactions in
order to bring about an appropriate response
by the organism
 Endocrine system works along side of nervous
system ° Stress response

Hypothalamus Pituitary
Adrenal (HPA) Axis
 Adrenal Gland ° Key
organ in the stress
response

Upon
adrenocorticotropic
(ACTH) release from
pituitary gland, adrenal
cortex releases cortisol
and medulla releases
epinephrine (adrenaline)
into the blood.

Acute
Stress
Respons
e
Sympatheti
c Nervous
System
Hypothalami
c-Pituitary-
Adrenal Axis
Cortisol
NE/E
Peripheral
Nervous System
Endocrine
System
Interface Endocrine
System & Sympathetic

Peripheral Nervous
System
 Involves Sensory Systems, Motor System &
Involuntary Physiological Responses

Sympathetic Nervous
system

SNS activation and
Physiologic Signs of
 Immediate Changes

Increased cardiac
output

Increased circulation

Increased BP, RR

Increased sweating

Piloerection

Pupil dilatation

Decreased salivation

Decreased gastric
motility

Hyperalertness

Increased blood
sugar

Use of blood glucose

Decreased stored
energy

Increased fatty acids

Increased
metabolism