Kondratiev Cycles
-
Tendency for major innovations to cluster together in distinct cycles or waves
-
Named after Soviet economist
-
Cycles last (approx.) 50 -60 years; each one associated with distinct technologies
-
5 cycles distinguished since late 18
th
century (note: each cycle consists of 2 distinct
phases-one growth, the other stagnation);
o
Early Mechanization – late 18
th
century
o
Steam power/railway – mid 19
th
century
o
Electrical/heave engineering- early 20
th
century
o
Fordist mass engineering- early 20
th
century
o
Information/communication – early 21
st
century
Summary
-
Economic geography: “The study of how people earn their living, how livelihood systems
vary by area, and how economic activities are spatially interrelated and linked”
-
Categories of economic systems: primary-secondary-tertiary-quaternary
-
Types of economic systems: subsistence-commercial-planned
-
Geographic expressions of economic activity: heartland-hinterland (core-periphery)
-
Economic development is “highly uneven” – what does this mean? Why is economic
This preview
has intentionally blurred sections.
Sign up to view the full version.
This is the end of the preview.
Sign up
to access the rest of the document.
- Fall '08
- CHILDS
- Economics, early 20th century, late 18th century, agricultural production, Von Thünen
-
Click to edit the document details
