Psychology 1101
Chapter 2-The Research enterprise in Psychology
Page 40
•
Psychologists and other scientists share three sets of interrelated goals:measurement and
description,understanding and prediction,and application and control.
•
Predictions
hypotheses
•
Variables—measurable conditions that can be controlled or observed in a study
Page 41
•
Theory—used to explain observations
•
A scientific theory must be testable
Steps in scientific investigation
•
(Step 1)Formulate a testable hypothesis
Page 42
•
To be testable,scientific hypotheses must be formulated precisely,and the variables under
study must be clearly defined.
•
Operational definition:actions used to measure or control a variable
•
(Step 2) Select the Research method and design the study
Page 43
•
Participants—subjects whose behavior is being studied or observed
•
(Step 3) Collect Data—techniques used include:direct observation,interviews and
questionnaires
•
Advantage of survey method:info is collected quickly and easily
This
preview
has intentionally blurred sections.
Sign up to view the full version.
•
(Step 4)
Analyze the Data and Draw Conclusions-researchers use statistics to analyze
data
•
(Step 5) Report the Findings
Page 44
•
Two major advantages of scientific approach(clarity and precision;relative intolerance of
error)
Page 45
•
Research methods-general strategies for conducting studies
•
Purpose of experiement:find out if
one variable causes change in another
Page 46
•
Independent variable-variable that is manipulated
•
Dependent variable-depends on the independent variable
•
Experimental group-receives attention
•
Control group-nothing is done to this group;untampered with
Page 47
•

This is the end of the preview.
Sign up
to
access the rest of the document.
- Spring '08
- VANDELLEN
-
Click to edit the document details